The operation analysis of a condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW
Students Name: Lytvyn Liubomyr Volodymyrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Thermal Power Plants
Institute: Institute of Power Engineering and Control Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Lytvyn L.V., Lys S.S. (supervisor). The operation analysis of a condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW. Master’s thesis. – Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2020. The task of the work is to develop a project of a power plant with a capacity of 4,000 MW operating on coal. The main direction of the project is the development of the flowing part of the low-pressure cylinder of high capacity with a two-flow radial-axial stage instead of a divider and a double exhaust into the condenser. The design was carried out by calculation. The obtained calculations confirm the economic efficiency of the designed station and its safety. The main direction of the project is the development of the flowing part of the low-pressure cylinder of high capacity with a two-flow radial-axial stage instead of a divider and a double exhaust into the condenser. The design was carried out by calculation. The obtained calculations confirm the economic efficiency of the designed station and its safety. It is necessary to modernize the low pressure cylinder of the standard turbine by replacing the divider and the first two along the pair of axial stages in each flow with a two-stream radial-axial stage of the meandering type, as well as installation as the last stage - a stage with double exhaust in the condenser. This design of the turbine low pressure cylinder allows to reduce the number of low pressure cylinders to one, reduce the size of the turbine, resulting in reduced metal consumption, make it more compact, increase the efficiency of the turbine. All this determines the relevance of the project theme. The object of research is a condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW. The subject of the research is the project of condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW, working on coal. The purpose and objectives of research. The purpose of the work is to analyze the operation of a condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW. To achieve this goal it was necessary to perform the following tasks: - to develop a project of a mechanized power plant with a capacity of 4,000 MW, operating on coal; - to modernize the low pressure cylinder of the regular turbine; - to calculate the main equipment. In this master’s qualification work the analysis of operation of the condensing power plant with a capacity of 4000 MW is carried out. The low pressure cylinder of the standard turbine was modernized by replacing the divider and the first two along the pair of axial stages in each flow with a two-flow radial-axial stage of the meander-like type, as well as installation as the last stage - a stage with double exhaust in the condenser. This design of the turbine low pressure cylinder allows to reduce the number of low pressure cylinders to one, reduce the size of the turbine, resulting in reduced metal consumption, make it more compact, increase the efficiency of the turbine. All this determines the relevance of the project theme. A fundamentally new design of low pressure cylinder with a radial-axial stage instead of a flow divider is proposed, and as the last stage of low pressure cylinder - a stage with double exhaust in the condenser. This scheme allows you to reduce the number of low pressure cylinders to one, as well as the total number of steps in it. To ensure the most complete conversion of steam energy, its exhaust from the turbine is carried out in special heat exchangers, in which the condensation of the spent steam takes place and the minimum pressure (vacuum) is maintained for specific temperature conditions. Such heat exchangers are called condensers. The latent heat of vaporization released during condensation is discharged through the external circulation circuit into the environment (reservoir or atmosphere) and is irretrievably lost. The share of this heat in the total balance of the steam power plant reaches 60-65%, which causes a relatively low thermal efficiency of condensing power plants, generally not exceeding 40%. In the economics section, economic indicators are calculated that show the cost-effectiveness of a designed 4,000 MW condensing power plant. In this master’s thesis the description of control and measuring devices of the turbine unit, their purpose and automatic protection of the turbine, which prevent the occurrence of accidents in the event of an accident at the turbine unit. Automatic protection commands take priority over all other automatic or manual controls. Keywords: condensing power plant, coal, low pressure cylinder, condenser, design.