Analisis of the project “Reconstruction of municipal solid waste landfill in Lviv”
Students Name: Trach Nataliia Yuriivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Land Management and Cadastre
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: EXTENDED ABSTRACT This study presents a detailed literary review of the situation with waste in the world and in Ukraine, in particular. Approaches to solid waste landfills management are analyzed. Remediation and reconstruction are the most common areas of stabilization and disposal of the threat of emergencies at location of solid waste landfills. Peculiarities of remediation and reconstruction are given, comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages is made [1-2]. The analysis of the current situation allowed substantiating the choice of reconstruction as the most effective way to eliminate the threat of emergencies and create conditions for closure and subsequent remediation of the solid waste landfill in Lviv. Engineering and geological surveys have shown that the solid waste landfill is located in difficult geological, geomorphological and hydrogeological conditions that can cause pollution of the surrounding areas. Therefore, reconstruction will allow protecting from negative impacts those parts of the existing solid waste landfill that pose the greatest threat to the environment. The object of study is the project of reconstruction of the solid waste landfill in Lviv. The subject of study is the analysis of works carried out during the reconstruction of the solid waste landfill in Lviv. Methods of study. During the research, engineering and geological surveys were performed to identify contaminated areas and study the compliance of the landfill with the requirements of state building codes. Registration of results was performed using the methods of mathematical statistics and geo-information technologies. Results of study. The topic of waste management is very relevant for many countries in the world and Ukraine, in particular, as the amount of waste and its diversity is growing [3]. Increase in the world’s population has led to a sharp increase in waste due to excessive production and consumption. As a result, the number of authorized and unauthorized landfills, which has a huge negative impact on the environment and on the quality of human life, has increased [4]. Despite the wide range of issues addressed in the existing legal regulatory base and its ongoing transformation to European requirements [5-6], due to limited funding, lack of awareness and rejection of waste as a secondary material resource, addressing these issues is currently problematic. Creating a system of proper collection, sorting and subsequent use of waste will achieve significant results of efficient use of the solid waste potential [7]. Since the emergence of the problem with waste, a huge number of technologies for collecting, sorting, warehousing, recycling of waste, which are used in all developed countries [8], have been proposed and tested. But the already existing solid waste landfills are most appropriate to be remediated, as it is done in most countries of the world [9-10]. According to the existing construction and environmental regulations, creation of a solid waste landfill requires, during the development of the construction project, lying of the main components of the future remediation of landfill lands. If solid waste landfills were laid a long time ago and remediation measures were not provided, then reconstruction is usually carried out during operation. Reconstruction makes it possible to avoid emergencies and provide measures to eliminate negative consequences of accidents that may occur. The solid waste landfill in Lviv was founded in the late 50s’ of the last century without complying with the relevant requirements. Back in 1990-1993, major repairs were carried out and the landfill was equipped with specialized engineering structures. The landfill was operated almost until 2017. Such prolonged operation has caused a number of problems during storage and disposal of waste. Especially since in May 2016 there was an emergency, a fire, and people died. It was not expedient to carry out remediation works without stopping the work and stabilizing the landfill body. The decision was made to close and reconstruct the landfill. The working project of reconstruction of the solid waste landfill in Lviv provided: - to create a safety tank, to localize a possible shift of solid waste in the south-eastern part; - to build a drainage system from the area of the designed safety tank and at the foot of the southern part of the dam of the existing filtrate tank; - to equip filtrate collection system; - to create a system for collecting clean water; - to arrange the access road; - to build a system of hydro observation wells. The analysis of works performed during the reconstruction of solid waste landfill in Lviv showed that the body of the landfill was stabilized and strengthened, existing drainage wells were restored and new ones (of filtrate and clean water) were completed, roads that connected all components of the landfill structure were built. The measures taken allowed eliminating the consequences of the emergency situation at the landfill (fire), preparing the ground for future remediation and preventing the occurrence of such situation in the future. The working project is a set of protective and restorative priority environmental measures that must be implemented in the affected area in order to eliminate existing sources of negative impact, prevent future emergencies or situations associated with negative environmental consequences. Keywords: solid waste landfill, remediation, reconstruction, waste, emergency, fire. The list of literary sources: 1. DBN V.2.4-2-2005 // POLIHONY TVERDYKh POBUTOVYKh VIDKhODIV Osnovni polozhennia proektuvannia. – 2005. – Rezhym dostupu do resursu: http://kbu.org.ua/assets/app/documents . 2. Pro zatverdzhennia Rekomendatsii z udoskonalennia diiuchykh polihoniv ta zvalyshch tverdykh pobutovykh vidkhodiv: Zakon Ukrainy vid 10.01.2006 N 5. Rezhym dostupu do resursu: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0005667-06#Text . 3. Sutnist vidkhodiv ta yikh klasyfikatsiia [Elektronnyi resurs]. – 2014 r. – Rezhym dostupu do resursu: https://i.factor.ua/ukr/journals/nibu/2014/may/issue-43/article-65714 . 4. Ivanova Yu. V. Stan i problemy utylizatsii i vydalennia pobutovykh i promyslovykh vidkhodiv v Ukraini i krainakh YeS / Yu. V. Ivanova, N. I. Muratova // Naukovo-tekhnichna informatsiia. - 2015. - № 2. - S. 46-52. - Rezhym dostupu: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/NTI_2015_2_9 . 5. Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste. From EUR-Lex (1999). URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/1999/31/oj (data zvernennia data zvernennia 10.10.2019) . 6. Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives. From EUR-Lex (2008). URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2008/98/oj (data zvernennia 10.10.2019) . 7. Stan sfery povodzhennia z pobutovymy vidkhodamy v Ukraini za 2019 rik [Elektronnyi resurs] // Ministerstvo rozvytku hromad ta terytorii Ukrainy. – 2019. – Rezhym dostupu do resursu: https://www.minregion.gov.ua/napryamki-diyalnosti/zhkh/terretory/stan-sfery-povodzhennya-z-pobutovymy-vi/ . 8. Iaki krainy potovaryshuvaly zi smittiam i nadaly yomu bezpechnyi prytulok z vyhodoiu dlia sebe [Elektronnyi resurs] // Chortkiv onlain. – 2018 r. – Rezhym dostupu do resursu: http://chortkiv.online/2018/09/14/yaki-krajiny-potovaryshuvaly-zi-smittyam-i-nadaly-jomu-bezpechnyj-prytulok-z-vyhodoyu-dlya-sebe/ . 9. 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