Analysis of methods of engineering and geodetic support in the process of construction of buildings on the example of the house at 10, Goyda Street, Uzhhorod
Students Name: Haza Oleh Vladyslavovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Geodesy
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Gaza O. V. Chumakevych V. O. (supervisor). Analysis of methods of engineering and geodetic support in the process of construction of buildings on the example of the house at 10, Goyda Street, Uzhhorod. Master’s thesis. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2020. The Extended Abstract Due to the introduction of new construction technologies, the construction of houses today occurs much faster. It should be noted that the equipment and technologies of geodetic support of construction have also undergone a number of significant changes. Therefore, the topic of the master’s qualification work is relevant. In the first Section, the normative documents governing the geodetic support of construction works in Ukraine are analyzes [1-4, 12]. With the help of drawings, diagrams, and analysis of the content of documents, the content and requirements for geodetic works on construction are specified. We will also note that geodetic support of construction implies the quality control of the performance of a range of construction works. Builders are not allowed to start the following stages of construction work without the completion of quality control operations. Also in the first Section, the analysis of requirements to works on scientific and technical support (STS) of construction objects is carried out [5-11]. The purpose of scientific and technical support is to solve problems that are not specified in the regulations, and may emerge at the stages of the life cycle of the construction site. In the second Section, a study of construction conditions, characteristics, and the analysis of the construction object - an apartment building with commercial premises on Goyda Street – are carried out. The study describes the reasons, methods, and feasibility of creating such support. Physical and geographical characteristics of the object of works, climatic, and soil-hydrological conditions are described. The analysis of topographic and geodetic study of the object of works is carried out [12]. It has been stated that this area is provided with maps of different scales. It is possible to use objects of topographic and geodetic network of 2, 3, and 4 classes. However, studies have shown that a large number of geodetic points are in poor condition, or7 even destroyed. Based on this, it has decided to use the points of the network of reference stations of ZAKPOS. Then the requirements for geodetic works to create a general plan and development plan have been analyzed. Examples of drawing elements are given. In the main Section, all stages of geodetic works to ensure the construction of multi-story buildings on the site in Uzhgorod at Goyda Street, 10 have been analyzes [1 – 12]. The stages and methods of creating a survey base have been described in detail, as well as its characteristics and accuracy. Based on the materials of the survey of starting points and points of the existing geodetic network, a working project of geodetic measurements of the network has been created. After the completion of all preparatory works, reconnaissance and laying of geodetic bases were performed. Linear-angular measurements were performed with a tachometer [1, 2]. The average error in determining the points of the geodetic network did not exceed ± 5 mm for the planned position of the points and ± 5 mm for the height position of the points. The errors obtained as a result of a set of geodetic measurements meet the requirements of current regulations to create a plan-height basis. As a result of the work, a filming network was created for large-scale mapping. Engineering and topographic plans are created by a combined method of tacheometric and GPS survey in RTK mode [3 – 5, 12]. Topographic surveying was performed using the Trimble 3305 DR electronic tachometer to create a height base and using the Hi-Taget V30 GNSS receiver for a plan base. The tie-in of the land plot for construction in nature was performed. The tie-in of the land plot was performed in accordance with the developed and approved technical documentation on land management “On the establishment (restoration of the land plot boundaries in nature)” with the help of the Hi-"Target QBOX8" two-frequency GPS receiver”. A topographic plan is created and the stages of its creation are described and the requirements for the creation of topoplans are described [2 4]. All stages of distribution works at the construction site are analyzed. For example, the scheme of an arrangement of the bases is presented. At the end of the Section, the performance of the control works of the accuracy of the geometric parameters of structures is8 described [5 – 10, 12]. As an example, the control of the formwork drawing of floor slabs and elevations of the floors of an apartment building is demonstrated. In the fourth Section, the economics and organization of the work are described and estimates for the work are carried out. Keywords: geodetic works in construction, control and calculation of accuracy, rules of measurement, tolerance, network, distribution works, monitoring, measurements, topographic and geodetic works, general plan, construction plan, engineering networks, project, technical supervision, scheme, scale, tachometer, level, GNSS receiver, coordinates. References 1. Systema zabezpechennia tochnosti heometrychnykh parametriv u budivnytstvi. Heodezychni roboty u budivnytstvi (2010). DBN V.1.3-2:2010. 2. Inzhenerni vyshukuvannia dlia budivnytstva. 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