Analysis and research of the analog unit of the system of automatic compensation of unmeasured components of the Earth’s magnetic field
Students Name: Horyn Viktoriia Viktorivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Computerized Control Systems and Automatics
Institute: Institute of Computer Technologies, Automation and Metrology
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Horyn VV, Mokrenko PV (head). Analysis and research of the analog block of the system of automatic compensation of unmeasured components of the Earth’s magnetic field by a quantum magnetometer with optical orientation of cesium atoms - 133. Master’s thesis. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv 2020. The work describes the investigated automatic compensator of the unmeasured component of the geomagnetic field, which has high speed and accuracy of compensation, based on a review of existing magnetometric equipment and methods of automatic compensation of the components of the Earth’s magnetic field. Analytical expressions, measurements of the component linking the error with the limit value of the compensation error, the speed of the system and its stability are given. The object of research is the structure of the system of automatic compensation of geomagnetic field components. The purpose of the research is to investigate the analog unit of the system of automatic compensation of unmeasured components of the Earth’s magnetic field with a quantum magnetometer with optical orientation of cesium atoms - 133 and according to the results, to analyze this study. To achieve this goal the following tasks are set: 1. construction of ferrosonde magnetometers; 2. development of the method and block diagram of the automatic compensation system; 3. development of the main components of the system, where the calculation of the operating pulses of the automatic compensation system; 4. calculation of errors of a quantum magnetometer with a system of automatic compensation of the magnetic field component. Novelty: 1. the structure of systems of automatic compensation of unmeasured components of a geomagnetic field of the Earth at work with the quantum magnetometer with optical orientation of cesium-133 is offered; 2. the analysis of structure of the analog block of system of automatic compensation is carried out; 3. the main sources of errors of the quantum magnetometer with the system of automatic compensation of the geomagnetic field component are analyzed. Relevance - the work is relevant. Built using quantum magnetometers with optical pumping. It makes it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring the components of the Earth from high-speed objects. The developed system does not require additional computing devices. Magnetometric method of studying the structure of the earth’s crust or magnetic exploration is to study the magnetic field of anomalous areas, which allows to solve the problem of finding the sources of this field, and thus the structure of the layers of the earth’s crust, lying below. The Earth’s magnetic field is a collection of a number of fields caused by various sources, one of which is rocks that lie in the upper layers of the earth’s crust and have ferromagnetic properties. Being in the magnetic field of other sources, these rocks are magnetized and create their own field, which is called anomalous, and the area in which it is observed, called the anomalous region or magnetic anomaly. The structure and size of the master’s thesis. The master’s thesis consists of an introduction, annotation, 8 sections, economic part, conclusion, list of sources used, list of abbreviations and appendices. The first section describes the actual construction of ferrosonde magnetometers. The phenomenon of conversion of voltage or induction of the measured magnetic field into a proportional electric signal is described in detail. The analysis of the characteristics of the differential ferroprobe by output on different (four) harmonics is carried out and one of the possible classifications of these ferrosondes is given. The second section is devoted to a review of magnetometric equipment, which we will use to obtain a positive result of our master’s thesis. These include induction and magnetometric devices. The third is an overview of the methods of automatic compensation that make up the geomagnetic field. It is in this section that we focus more on the different types of compensators, the study of which and the identification of the difference between them, gives us a complete picture of solving one problem, such as the correct choice of device. In the fourth section, based on the theoretical provisions discussed in the previous sections, we are already developing a method and block diagram of the automation system of compensation of the Z-component. It is especially important that this section already determines the required speed and accuracy of the compensator, which will significantly affect our result. The fifth section is intended for a brief description of the system, which consists of an analyzer unit, a measuring unit, a scanning unit. In this section, with the help of various code combinations, we keep the final signal, which directly affects the solution of the basic problem of the master’s qualification work. In received in the previous section. The seventh section is to determine the error the sixth section, we develop the main components of the compensation scheme. In the section the element base (integrated circuit 217 series) is offered and on the basis of the chosen scheme, the analysis and trace of the magnetometer and development of the chip, we carried out calculations of the signals of the quantum magnetometer, as well as to calculate the parameters of the compensating ring system. Derived dependences between the main parameters of the system: Zsk, ?H, Ng, ?Z and their calculation so that the system can reliably find the extremum and keep this extremum in the area where the error due to the compensation error did not exceed the specified. The eighth describes of the device for reliability and accuracy, because the end result we are trying to get depends on these components of the device. As a result, we see that the accuracy and reliability fully satisfy the theoretical task of the master’s thesis. Key words: compensator, quantum magnetometers, ferrosondes, system unit, signal pulse, compensating ring system. List of used literature: 1. Automatic optimization of controlled systems / Ed. Academician BN Petrov. - Moscow: Publishing House "Foreign Literature", 1960. 2. Yanovsky VM Earth’s magnetism. - L .: Leningrad Publishing House. University, 1963.