A complex of hydraulic structures on the water supply system of Harmaky (1300 inhabitants), Barskyi Distr., Vinnytsia Region and theoretical research of surface runoff treatment methods
Students Name: Kinash Andrii Ivanovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Hydrotechnical Construction, Water Engineering and Water Technologies
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Kinash A.I., Vovk L.I. (supervisor). A complex of hydraulic structures on the water supply system of Harmaky (1300 inhabitants), Barskyi Distr., Vinnytsia Region and theoretical research of surface runoff treatment methods. Master’s thesis. – Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2020. Extended abstract. Based on the analysis of the complex of hydraulic structures on the water supply system of the village of Harmaki, Barsky district, Vinnytsia region, a joint economic and domestic drinking, industrial and fire-fighting ring water supply system (3 rings) was designed. The water supply network is designed for the maximum estimated cost and the network is connected for three calculated cases. The diameters of the upgraded pipelines were determined by the maximum flow rate and economic speed. The estimated flow was estimated by the specific water consumption [1]. The source of water supply in the village of Garmaki is groundwater. The location of water intake drilling wells was determined by the results of hydrogeological studies. The number of wells is calculated. Imperfect wells were accepted in which are installed pumps of type 6 SDN 21 Calpeda. Physico-chemical composition of groundwater indicates an increased content of iron compounds and total hardness, which does not meet the hygienic requirements for water quality [2]. We accept the installation of reagent-free water purification type VP 800 [3]. Disinfection of purified water is carried out by bactericidal rays of mercury-quartz lamps of the BUV-15 type on the bactericidal installation OV-1P-RKS. Purified and disinfected water inflow the tanks of clean water, and then the pumps of the pumping station of the second rise, which has 5 pumps - 3 pumps brand NM 40/20 (2 workers, 1 reserve for drinking and utility costs and 2 fire pumps brand NM 80/16 (1 work, 1 res.) Is supplied to the water supply network of the village. In the scientific part of the master’s qualification work, a theoretical study of surface runoff treatment methods was performed. According to modern requirements for surface runoff treatment of enterprises, the rainwater drainage system must provide cleaning of the most polluted part of surface runoff, which is formed during the rains, melting snow and washing of road surfaces. In the recent past, until the 1990s, surface runoff was referred to as relatively clean runoff that could be discharged into surface water without treatment. In particular, their impact on the quality of water bodies and the environment in general has not been studied [4]. Today in world practice there are many examples of the detrimental effect of stormwater runoff from cities and industrial enterprises on the environmental safety of surface water. Therefore, there is a need to use rainwater treatment plants. Surface wastewater treatment plants should be designed for each catchment area that has an outlet to the reservoir. Subject to the requirements of current legislation [5], [6] for small separate storm sewer systems with discharge into reservoirs that are not used for drinking water supply, it is allowed not to provide rainwater treatment from precipitation from the roofs of buildings of separate enterprises of the first group: do not emit pollutants into the atmosphere. The concentrations of suspended solids and oil products in stormwater runoff for some characteristic zones of the urbanized watershed and the approximate qualitative composition of stormwater runoff of cities are presented in the paper. There are two groups of industrial enterprises, depending on the nature of impurities in the surface runoff: enterprises whose stormwater does not contain specific substances with toxic properties; enterprises, which are characterized by the receipt of specific toxic compounds. Drainage systems are considered: all-alloy, full separate, semi-separate. Their advantages and disadvantages are described. The modern world places new demands on the quality of wastewater treatment. Because today rainwater runoff should not refer to sewage, but to possible sources of water supply. According to the requirements [5,6], rainwater from built-up areas can be discharged into water bodies without treatment only if the area does not exceed 0.2 km2, or from greenery of urban park and forest park areas. It is stipulated that rain runoff from the territories of industrial enterprises must be diverted by a separate sewer network. In the case when storm and industrial effluents are similar in nature (type, concentrations) of impurities, their joint disposal is permissible. Mechanical methods, including settling and filtration, are used to treat stormwater effluents that contain significant amounts of suspended solids and petroleum products; chemical and biological methods [7, 8, 9]. In the master’s thesis the constructions of each of the methods were described and analyzed. Study object of research is a complex of hydraulic structures on the water main and methods of surface runoff treatment. Scope of research is a complex of hydraulic structures on the water main of the village of Harmaki of Bar district of Vinnytsia region (1.3 thousand inhabitants) and a theoretical study of surface runoff treatment methods. Goal of research: design of a complex of hydraulic structures on the water main with. Harmaki of Bar district of Vinnytsia region (1.3 thousand inhabitants) with the use of modern materials and mechanisms, as well as to perform a theoretical study of methods of surface runoff treatment. Briefly put research results: a complex of hydraulic structures on the water main of the village of Harmaki of Bar district of Vinnytsia region; a theoretical study of rainwater runoff treatment methods was performed; concluded ? modern structures of treatment facilities are technologically more complex, efficient, which meets the challenges of today, and at the same time easier to install and operate. Keywords: hydraulic structures, surface runoff, runoff basin, treatment facilities. References: 1. DBN V.2.5-74: 2013 Vodopostachannya. Zovnishni merezhi ta sporudy. Osnovni polozhennya proektuvannya. (in Ukraine) 2. Derzhavni sanitarni normy ta pravyla "Hihiyenichni vymohy do vody pytnoyi, vyznachenoyi dlya prozhyvannya lyudey" (DSanPiN 2.2.4-171-10) (in Ukraine) 3. Zapolskyy A.K. Vodopostachannya, vodovidvedennya ta yakist vody. - K .: Vyshcha shkola, 2005. 671 4. Beuckels, A., Smolders, E., Muylaert, K.: Nitrogen availability influences phosphorus removal in microalgae-based wastewater treatment. Water Research, 77, 98–106 (2014). (in Ukraine) 5. Zakon Ukrayiny «Pro zabezpechennya sanitarnoho ta epidemichnoho blahopoluchchya naselennya» : vid 24 lyutoho 1994 roku, № 4004-XII. – Redaktsiya vid 01.01.2015 roku 6. DSTU 3013 - 95. Pravyla kontrolyu za vidvedennyam doshchovykh i snihovykh stichnykh vod - z terytoriy mist i promyslovykh pidpryyemstv. [Chynnyy vid 01.01.1996]. 7. Molokov M. V., Shyfryn V. N. (1977) Ochystka poverkhnostnoho stoka s terrytoryy horodov y promyshlennykh ploshchadok. Moskva, 104 s. 8. City of Nashua, New Hampshire Alternative Stormwater Management Methods. Part 1. Planning and Guidance. Final Report. New Hampshire, Dept. of Environmental Services. 2003. Р.p. 12. 9. Brannvall E. Improvement of storm water runoff treatment system with natural mineral sorbent. Geologija. Vilnius. 2007. Vol. 59. P.р. 72–76.