Research of the vibrational dynamic dryer with unbalanced drive
Students Name: Bilokin Yaroslav Volodymyrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Food and Processing Industries Equipment
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Drying of objects (materials, substances, semi-finished products and finished products) is widely used in all branches of the national economy. In this master’s qualification work, the process of convective drying in the so-called vibrating boiling field, which is generated with the help of two factors, is considered. The first factor is the warm air supplied to the wet body (flowable mixture of bodies). The bodies are located on the sieve and the air is supplied from below under pressure. The second, main factor is the generation of a boiling layer of bodies for drying due to the vibrational energy of the screen where these bodies are located. The sieve acquires oscillating reciprocating and flat motion due to the inertial disturbance system. The combination of these two factors in a mechanical system - a vibrating dryer, makes it possible to ensure highly efficient drying of a whole range of materials for various branches of the national economy. The object of research: a vibrating dryer and a mathematical model describing the movement of its drying chamber with a system of five grids, an inertial drive and a spring suspension. Subject of research: geometric, kinematic and power parameters of the dryer. The purpose of the study: to determine how the parameters of the dryer affect the amplitude of its vertical oscillating movement, as a significant factor in the process of intensification of material drying to create a pseudo-liquefied layer of the material to be dried.the design of a vibrating dryer and a mathematical model describing the movement of its drying chamber with a system of five grids, an inertial drive and a spring suspension are developed in the work. The model is based on two non-linear analytical expressions of a parameterized type, which make it possible to determine the coordinates of a certain point of the dryer, which can be set for each type of dryer, and an expression that determines the angle of rotation of the dryer during its operation. The effect of dryer parameters on the amplitude of its vertical oscillating motion, as a significant factor in the process of intensification of material drying to create a pseudo-liquefied layer of the material to be dried, was quantitatively and qualitatively investigated. The angular speed of the inertial drive, as the second important factor affecting the formation of the vibrating pseudo-liquid layer, is set as an input parameter through the selection of the appropriate motor of the inertial drive. The amplitude of the oscillations of the drying chamber is affected by the amount of the oscillating mass; suspension stiffness; the magnitude of the disturbance force that causes the dryer to vibrate; geometric (constructive) features of the dryer: its dimensions, the shape of the chamber, the place of installation of the suspension, inertial drive, etc. The first chapter of the work describes the aspects of the process of drying materials: features of the process, characteristic classification features, main types. The expediency of using artificial drying methods was analyzed; peculiarities of the drying process of materials, substances and bodies; types of wet materials in the theory of drying; method of researching the process of drying materials; classification characteristics of the material drying process; basic drying methods and their features.in the second part of the work, the design of the vibration type dryer is developed and a mathematical model describing its movement is built. It is substantiated: the use of vibrational oscillations to intensify the process of drying materials, the use of mathematical modeling when choosing factors for the formation of a fluidized bed. A typical design of vibrating dryers and a new proposed design are given. A mathematical model of the movement of a vibrating dryer with an inertial drive was built. In the third section of the work, the influence of the parameters of the vibrating dryer on the amplitude of its oscillations, as a factor in the efficiency of the drying process, is studied. In the fourth section of the work, an economic evaluation of the obtained project solution was carried out. First of all, the master’s work was planned and the costs for its implementation were calculated. Further, calculations of operational costs for the obtained design solution and determination of the consumption price of the design solution were carried out. Thus, the design solutions obtained and reflected in the work and corresponding studies indicate their feasibility and practical use, and the conducted economic calculations testify to the economic efficiency of their implementation and further application. Keywords: drying, convective, fluidized bed, vibration, model, sieve, dryer, inertial drive.