Study of traffic flow indicators depending on the type of intersections and locations of public transport stops
Students Name: Skrypko Oleksandr
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Cargo and Transport Management
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the level of motorization of the population, a significant increase in the needs of city residents in relocation, which led to an increase in intensity on the street and road network of cities. The reason for the increase in motorization is frequent traffic delays, congestion, increased road accidents, reduced speed, increased connection time. The formed network of existing main streets of the city with extremely limited technical parameters is no longer able to pass traffic freely, which leads to paralysis of traffic not only in some sections and junctions of main streets of the central part of the city, but in the city as a whole. Traffic intensity, flow density, its composition by types of vehicles and speed are the most commonly used indicators of traffic characteristics. Traffic intensity is the number of vehicles that pass through the cross section of a road section per unit time. It is the basis for estimating the magnitude of traffic flow. The intensity varies by hours of the day, days of the week and months of the year. It is a variable in the spatial dimension. The unit of measurement of traffic intensity can include: - car / day - used for small volumes of traffic, which allows you to solve problems of traffic organization; - bus / hour "peak" - used to solve the problems of traffic organization during periods of heavy traffic; - bus / 5 minutes - used to solve special problems of traffic organization (for example, for calculations of traffic lights). On the road network there are some areas and zones where traffic reaches its maximum size, while in other areas it is several times less. This spatial unevenness reflects primarily the uneven placement of cargo and passenger-forming points and their places of attraction [2]. The intensity of traffic of vehicles and pedestrians in the organization of traffic is often characterized by their temporal values. During peak periods, this figure is highest. It should be borne in mind that the intensity of traffic during peak hours may have different values on different days of the week, months and years. More stable intensity during peak periods and less uneven traffic is observed on roads with a higher level of traffic intensity. Bandwidth is a value that expresses the maximum number of cars that can pass on a section of road per unit time while maintaining a given speed. It primarily depends on the intensity of traffic on the site, the load of the transport line and the transport network. If we consider the capacity of the road in the areas of public transport stops - there will be factors such as braking in front of the stop, door opening, disembarkation of passengers, boarding of passengers, closing of doors and acceleration. These factors can be combined into two groups. The first group includes those that characterize the location of the bus at the stop. This is the opening of doors, disembarkation of passengers, embarkation of passengers, closing of doors. And to the second - a factor that characterizes the release of the stop - the acceleration of the bus [3]. The object of study - stops at Lviv city. Field studies were conducted at each of the sites, with the help of which the primary indicators were collected: intensity, flow composition, density and speed. The subject of the research is the regularities of changes in the length of car queues and their speed in front of and in the area of regulated intersections depending on the location of stopping points. The purpose of this master’s qualification work is to determine the patterns of change in the length of car queues in areas of public passenger transport stops depending on the intensity of traffic flows and the location of traffic lights relative to the location of stops using the program "PTV VISSIM 8". As a result of the conducted researches the optimal parameters of the street and road network are determined. Key words - traffic organization, stop, public transport. References. 1. Polishchuk V. P. Do pytannia pro funktsionuvannia systemy "perekhrestia + zupynochnyi punkt - transportnyi potik" / V. P. Polishchuk, A. A. Korchevska // Visnyk Natsionalnoho transportnoho universytetu, 2012. t.№ 26(2).-S.259-262. 2. Pavlova I. O. Doslidzhennia skladovykh transportnoho potoku na vulychno-dorozhnii merezhi mista / I. O. Pavlova, I. S. Murovanyi // Naukovi notatky. - 2011. - Vyp. 32. - S. 295-302. 3. Vasylenko T.Ie. Teoretychni aspekty otsinky propusknoi zdatnosti zupynnoho punktu / T.Ie. Vasylenko, D.V. Fesenko, D.V. Hulak // Visti Avtomobilno-dorozhnoho instytutu: naukovo-vyrobnychyi zbirnyk / DVNZ «DonNTU» ADI. – Horlivka, 2010. - № 2.(11) – S. 90-97. 4. Iakymov M. R. Transportnoe planyrovanye: sozdanye transportnыkh modelei horodov: monohrafyia / M. R. Yakymov. — M. : Lohos, 2013. — 188 s. 5. Driu D. Teoryia transportnыkh potokov y upravlenye ymy / D.Driu. - . M.: Transport, 1972. – 424 s. 6. Vasylieva H. Yu. Metody minimizatsii zatrymok transportu na mahistralnii vulychno-dorozhnii merezhi mist Ukrainy: dys... kand. tekhn. nauk: 05.23.20 / Vasylieva H. Yu. Kyivskyi natsionalnyi un-t budivnytstva i arkhitektury. - K., 2007. 7. Berezny R. The impact of the quality of transport services on passenger demand in the suburban bus transport / R. Berezny, V. Konecny. // Elsevier. – 2017. – №192. – S. 40–45.