Study of the effect of thiosulfonate-biosurfactant composition on the phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil
Students Name: Chornyi Vasyl Viktorovych
Qualification Level: master (ESP)
Speciality: Biotechnology and bioengineering
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Chornyi V.V., Monka N.Y. (supervisor). Investigation of the effect of thiosulfonate composition with biosurfactants on phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil. Master’s thesis - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2023. Fungal, bacterial and viral plant diseases remain a significant problem in agriculture. Phytopathogenic crop damage is one of the main causes of economic losses in agronomy. These economic losses are caused by increased decay and reduced growth of plant biomass. In particular, soil contamination with oil and its derivatives can significantly increase the level of plant pathogens and degrade soil quality, thereby limiting plants from the substances they need for normal growth and development [1]. Various pesticides are widely used in crop production to help fight diseases of agricultural plants. However, synthetic products have an extremely negative impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to create new environmentally friendly biocidal drugs [2]. Thiosulfoesters are synthetic analogs of substances of natural origin, namely garlic and onion phytoncides [3]. They have a wide range of biological effects: biocides, growth regulators, insecticides, radioprotectors, and preservatives [4]. However, thiosulfones have low water solubility, which makes them difficult to use [5-7]. Surfactants can increase the solubility of thiosulfoester and can also improve the permeability of microbial cell membranes, which increases the effectiveness of biocides [8]. All this allows to reduce the amount of thiosulfoester required for the effective use of the drug. The advantage of biogenic surfactants over synthetic ones is their cheapness, environmental friendliness and a wide range of pH and temperature in which biosurfactants do not lose their properties [9,10]. The master’s thesis presents the results of studies of the biological activity of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid ethyl ester and its composition with biosurfactants, prospects for use and their advantages over existing drugs. The aim of the study: obtain a new promising composition based on ethyl ester of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid and biosurfactant with a wide range of antimicrobial and fungicidal activity. To investigate the biological activity of ethyl ester of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, rhamnolipid bio-complex and their composition, to determine the effect on plant growth and resistance to oil-contaminated soil conditions. To calculate the material balance of the production of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid ethyl ester composition with a biosurfactant. Develop a basic flow chart of the process. To determine the material costs of production and the cost of the product. Objects of study: ethyl ester of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, biosurfactants, omnipotent preparations. Subject of research: study of the effect of thiosulfonate composition with biosurfactants on soil phytoremediation. Research methods: organic synthesis, spectral methods (NMR and IR spectroscopy), spectrophotometry, electrical resistivity spectroscopy, experimental biological screening, SwissTargetPrediction, Molinspiration bioactivity score v2022.08. Scientific novelty of the results: Using bioinformatics methods, the possible biological activity of ethyl thiosulfonate was predicted and confirmed in a number of experiments on plants common in the western part of Ukraine. The following plant parameters were studied, which are affected by the negative impact of oil-contaminated soil: electrical resistance and morphometric parameters of plants, dehydrogenase activity of soil, synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress in plants. It was confirmed that ethyl thiosulfonate and biosurfactants are safe for plants and have a positive effect on their growth under stressful conditions. The necessary material, technological and economic calculations for the production of a drug based on the composition of ethylthiosulfonate and biosurfactant per year were performed. A basic technological scheme of production has been developed. The economic part for calculating production costs is presented. Key words: thiosulfonates, ethyl ester of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid, biosurfactants, antimicrobial action, fungicidal activity, biological activity, phytoremediation. REFERENCES 1. Yaremkevych O. «Effect of thiosulfonate-biosurfactant compositions on plants grown in oil polluted soil» / Yaremkevych O., Fihurka O., Banya A., Shvets V., Nakonechna A., Karpenko O., Bilushchak H., Karpenko O., Novikov V., Lubenets V.. // Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2020. Vol. 19, No. 11. – P. 2003–2012. 2. 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