Мembrane separation of products in the production of chlorine and caustic soda
Students Name: Myliutyna Polina Volodymyrivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Chemical Technologies of Inorganic Substances and Water Treatment
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: The master’s qualification work consists of a calculation and explanatory note, which is laid out on 83 sheets of A4 format and the graphic part - 2 sheets of A1 format. I n the "Introduction" of the qualification work, the issue of the relevance of works devoted to the development of membrane separation technologies in the production of chlorine and caustic soda is highlighted. Today, the membrane method of electrolysis of aqueous solutions of chlorides of alkali metals is widely used in industry.[1] In the second chapter "Technological part" the main methods of production of chlorine and caustic soda by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl are considered - mercury (the cathode is mercury), diaphragm (with a solid cathode) and membrane method. In general, the membrane processes in the industry are considered, the characteristics of raw materials, materials and products are given, the technical names of the products and the technical requirements for the products produced in which a cation exchange membrane is used instead of a diaphragm are considered. In the literature review, modern studies in the use of membrane technologies were considered and the relevance of the topic was determined. The technological scheme of the anolyte and catholyte cycles in the production of caustic soda and chlorine by the KOM method at JSC "Karpatnaftohim" (Kalush, Ivano-Frankivsk region) was considered. The material and energy balances of the chlorine and caustic soda production process were calculated. The electrolyzer used in this production was also calculated. One of the parts of the work is the development of a method for determining the electrical conductivity of the membrane. The method for determining the conductivity of membranes used for dialysis was the basis for the development of the technique. The development of the technique makes it possible to monitor the conductivity of industrial membranes of chlorine electrolyzers in production conditions. In the event of a decrease in the conductivity of the membrane, which may occur due to clogging, application of various deposits, etc., this membrane will need to be transferred for regeneration. In the case of a strong increase in conductivity, which will be detected by a sharp decrease in resistance, it will be possible to draw conclusions about mechanical damage to the membranes. The main harmful and dangerous factors from the point of view of safety and occupational health are highlighted. In the "Economic part" the economic calculation of the cost of experimental research was carried out. The results were reported at the 80th student scientific and technical conference of the Lviv Polytechnic National University: Mylyutina P.V., Slyuzar A.V. (supervisor). Membrane separation of products in the production of chlorine and caustic soda. (Section of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Subsection of Chemical Technology of Inorganic Substances and Technical Electrochemistry, Lviv, October 28, 2022) Keywords: caustic soda, chlorine, hydrogen, production, electrolysis, cation exchange membrane, membrane conductivity.