Study of biosurfactant biosynthesis by Bacillus subtilis
Students Name: Borshchov Vitalii Vitaliiovych
Qualification Level: master (ESP)
Speciality: Biotechnology and bioengineering
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Borshchov V.V., Shved O.V. (supervisor). Investigation of biosynthesis of biosurfactants by Bacillus subtilis. Master’s thesis - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2023. In the modern world, surfactants are used in many industries. However, it should be noted that synthetic surfactants are hazardous to the environment due to their persistence, toxicity, and poor biodegradability. An alternative is the use of biosurfactants - surfactants that are surface-active compounds that find a variety of applications in various industries, including bioremediation, pharmaceutical, food and agricultural. These compounds have unique physicochemical properties such as low toxicity, biodegradability, and high stability. Currently, biosurfactants are most commonly used in the remediation of oil and its derivatives, in extraction processes, in the formulation of cosmetics and detergents, etc. The prospects for expanding their applications are being actively explored. This master’s thesis presents a study of biosurfactant from the culture fluid of Bacillus subtilis sp. and its effectiveness in terms of potential use in the extraction of biologically active substances during the extraction of creeping thyme Thymus serpyllum L. A literature review was conducted on: the characteristics of Bacillus subtilis culture, classification and metabolic pathways of biosurfactant synthesis. The description of the experimental sample of the culture fluid, the choice of research methods, the analysis of the results, the description of further research and the proposal of an alternative medium to increase the amount of surfactants in the fermentation of Bacillus subtilis sp. strain were carried out. The biological activity of the surfactant from the culture liquid was confirmed and the efficiency of the use of the experimental surfactant for the production of extractive substances from the herb of creeping thyme Thymus serpyllum L. Ethanol extracts of plant material were obtained by maceration with the addition of different concentrations of biosurfactant. An increase in the amount of extractive substances in the obtained ethanol extracts was noted by the gravimetric method when adding a biosurfactant. An increase in the yield of extractive substances in the range from 2 to 12 % was found. Also, an increase in the antioxidant activity of the extract samples was determined by the spectrophotometric method. The material calculations for the production of 100 kg of biosurfactant on the proposed medium were carried out and a basic technological scheme for the production of surfactant from the producer Bacillus subtilis sp. was proposed. An analysis of the Ukrainian market of surfactants for various purposes was carried out and it was found that currently their number is insignificant, especially those obtained by biotechnology. Therefore, the main advantage of the investigated biosurfactant is the use of the Bacillus subtilis bacterial strain as a producer. To substantiate the economic feasibility, the study characterized the industry, namely, the state of the product sales market, market segmentation, competitive analysis, and resource market analysis. The costs of the study were also calculated. For this purpose, the cost of raw materials, equipment, electricity costs for technological purposes, payroll, premises, and depreciation charges were calculated. Key words: surfactants, biosurfactants, Bacillus subtilis, antioxidant activity, plant extraction, Thymus serpyllum L. ДЖЕРЕЛА 1. Stadnytska N., Fito I, Novikov V., Jasicka-misiak I., Wieczorek P. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Cetraria islandica // International Journal of Pharm Tech Research. – 2020. – Vol. 13, № 03. – P. 198–205. 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