Water supply system reconstruction in Varva (9500 inhabitants), Varvynskyi Distr., Chernihiv Region with the study of the stormwater reuse conditions
Students Name: Lemeshko Maksym Oleksandrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Water Supply and Sewerage System
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: англійська
Abstract: On the basis of the analysis of the operation of the water supply system of the village of Varva, Varvy district, Chernihiv region, the reconstruction of the combined drinking and industrial-fire fighted ring water supply system (3 rings) was designed. The water supply system was designed for the maximum flow rate. The network was calculated for three cases. The diameters of the updated pipelines were determined by the maximum flow rate and economic speed. The estimated consumption was estimated by the specific water consumption [1]. The source of water supply for the village of Varva is underground water. This source is the most reliable in terms of economy and safety. The location of water intake bore wells was determined based on the results of hydrogeological studies. According to the calculations, imperfect wells were accepted: 1 working and 1 reserve, in which 8SDS100 Calpeda pumps are installed. According to chemical analysis data, the water needs to be softened and de-ironed. For water purification, the project provided for the construction of a water treatment plant based on factory-made "Struya" type installations. Disinfection of purified water is carried out with bactericidal rays of mercury-quartz lamps. Purified and disinfected water enters the clean water tanks, and then by the pumps of the pumping station of the second lift, which has 6 pumps installed - 4 pumps of the NM 50/20 brand for supplying drinking and communal expenses and 2 fire-fighting pumps of the NM(S) 100/ brand 200 is fed into the village’s water supply network. Earth has a large amount of water, but unfortunately only a small percentage (about 0.3 percent) is suitable for human use. The other 99.7 percent is in the oceans, soil, ice caps, and atmosphere. Humans use about 1.22 billion cubic meters of surface water per day. About 0.3 billion cubic meters of groundwater is used every day. To maintain a stable level of water resources, the rate of water withdrawal must be lower than the rate of fresh water replenishment[2]. Thus, renewable internal flows are an important indicator of water security or scarcity[3]. Rainwater harvesting provides an independent water supply during regional water restrictions, and in developed countries is often used as a supplement to the main water supply[3,4]. Traditionally, stormwater management with the help of tanks served one purpose - to accumulate a certain volume of water. However, optimized real-time control allows this system to enhance its role as a rainwater harvesting source[5]. The advantages of collecting and using rainwater are: lower cost; economic feasibility; reduces the need for potable water; helps save water and energy; reduces soil erosion; easy to install and operate [5-7]. One of the significant disadvantages of the rainwater collection system is the need for additional space for the installation of collection tanks [8]. A large number of countries, primarily economically developed ones, describe the management of rainwater runoff in the regulatory documents of the country. Among such countries are the USA, Canada, and Germany[9,10]. Study object is the water supply system of the village of Varva, the system of harvesting rainwater. Scope of research is the reliable operation of the combined economic-drinking industrial-fire-fighting ring water supply system of the village of Varva, the use of rainwater. Goal of research: to design a combined drinking and industrial-fire fighting ring water supply system of the village of Varva, including an underground water intake, a drinking water treatment plant and external networks. Conduct a literature review on the growth rate of natural water abstraction, advantages and disadvantages of rainwater harvesting and use, and explore various rainwater reuse schemes. Briefly put research results: A combined drinking and industrial-fire-fighting ring water supply system for the village of Varva was designed. Analysis of drinking water consumption The designed underground water intake A drinking water treatment plant has been designed. The rate of growth of natural water intake was studied The advantages and disadvantages of harvesting rainwater are analyzed Various rainwater reuse schemes have been studied. Key words: water supply system, water consumption, water supply sources, pump, rainwater tank, harvesting rainwater. References 1. DBN V.2.5-74:2013 Vodopostachannya. Zovnishni merezhi ta sporudy. Osnovni polozhennya proektuvannya 2. https://ourworldindata.org/water-use-stress#freshwater-use-by-region 3. Managing Urban Stormwater: Harvesting and reuse (PDF) (Report). Sydney, Australia: New South Wales Department of Environment and Conservation. 1 April 2006. ISBN 1-74137-875-3. 4. Devkota, Jay; Schlachter, Hannah; Apul, Defne (May 2015). "Life cycle based evaluation of harvested rainwater use in toilets and for irrigation". Journal of Cleaner Production. 95: 311–321. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.021. 5. Lunduka, Rodney (2011). Economic analysis of rainwater harvesting and small-scale water resources development. ResearchGate. Retrieved 2020-11-25. 6. "Harvesting rainwater for more than greywater". SmartPlanet. https://www.zdnet.com/article/harvesting-rainwater-for-more-than-greywater/ 7. Zhu, Qiang; et al. (2015). Rainwater Harvesting for Agriculture and Water Supply. Beijing: Springer. p. 20. ISBN 978-981-287-964-6. 8. Nanbakhsh H., Kazemi-Yazdi S., Scholz M.Design comparison of experimental storm water detention systemstreating concentrated road runoff .Science of the Total Environment. 2001. Vol. 380. Р.p. 220–228. 9. "Rainwater Harvesting - Controls in the Cloud". SmartPlanet. 2013-10-03. Retrieved 11 January 2015. 10. "Rainwater harvesting in Germany". www.rainwaterharvesting.org.