Safety of technological processes during the production of encapsulated ammonium nitrate
Students Name: Yavorskyi Nazar Ivanovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Industrial and Occupational Safety
Institute: Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Yavorskyi N.I. Safety of technological processes during the production of encapsulated ammonium nitrate. - Qualifying scientific work on manuscript rights Work on obtaining a master’s degree in the field of knowledge 26 "Civil security", specialty 263 "Civil security". - Lviv Polytechnic National University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Lviv, 2022. The work is devoted to the development of a complex of peace enterprises to ensure the trouble-free operation of technological equipment, the creation of safe working conditions for service personnel for the production of encapsulated ammonium nitrate. The physico-chemical and operational properties of ammonium nitrate, purpose, conditions for the emergence of an emergency situation when working with this substance are given. The production of granular ammonium nitrate is characterized. The provisions of regulatory documents regarding the safe handling of ammonium nitrate during storage are given: general requirements for storage facilities; Ventilation of warehouses; Requirements for sides and storage mass of ammonium nitrate; Safe storage conditions; minimum requirements for conveyor transport; Safety requirements when using ammonium nitrate. The analysis of technological schemes for the production of encapsulated mineral fertilizers was carried out in order to identify dangerous technological operations. The characteristics of the material flows of the technological process are given. Based on the analysis of the technological process and the properties of substances used in the production of encapsulated mineral fertilizers, dangerous and harmful production factors were determined and their impact on the health of workers was characterized. The measures for the development and implementation of the occupational health and safety management system are characterized. A set of measures to ensure the safety of the technological process of obtaining encapsulated ammonium nitrate and personnel actions in the event of an emergency situation - fire and/or explosion - is proposed. Worker safety measures against harmful and dangerous production factors have been developed: - conducting mandatory briefings on labor safety; - reduction of the negative impact of noise on the body by using soundproof covers, individual protective equipment; - maintenance of satisfactory temperature indicators of the working area using thermal insulation of the heater and product tank of the pseudo-liquefied state installation, equipment of the operator’s workplace with supply ventilation; - protection of the respiratory organs and the mucous membrane of the eyes of employees using dust respirators and protective glasses; - in order to prevent the negative impact on workers of vapors of organic solvents, it is necessary to equip this workplace with exhaust ventilation; - apply fencing of open rotating parts of technological equipment and installation of warning signs about the dangerous area. Environmental safety measures for the production of encapsulated ammonium nitrate have been developed: two-stage cleaning of aspiration and spent fluidizing air: - rough air cleaning from dust in a cyclone and fine cleaning using a fabric filter; - purification from organic solvent vapor using a periodic adsorber. Key words: encapsulation, ammonium nitrate, harmful and dangerous factors, industrial safety, labor protection.