The functioning of the spatial land use planning system in Germany
Students Name: Mykhailyshyn Nadiia Oleksandrivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Land Management and Cadastre
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: This master’s thesis examines the spatial land use planning system in Germany as an effective mechanism for the management and rational use of land resources. The work examines the historical development of the system, legal and institutional aspects, as well as the impact of its functioning on sustainable development and environmental sustainability in the country. The main emphasis is placed on the study of key aspects of the system, including public participation, economic and environmental aspects of land resources planning. The study uses a variety of research methods, such as document analysis and comparative analysis with international examples. The results of the study allow us to put forward recommendations for improving the system of spatial land use planning in other countries, including Ukraine, in order to improve land management and ensure sustainable development of society [4]. The experience of developing regional plans in Germany shows that this process is quite long and takes place in the context of socio-economic transformations. Land resources are a key element of sustainable development of society, and their rational use requires a comprehensive approach and systematic planning. Nevertheless, the goal of striving for equal (equivalent) living conditions has remained unchanged at different stages of spatial planning development in Germany, through various development assistance programmes or improvements to the economic structure. The situation became fundamentally relevant when, as a result of the reunification of the old and new Lander, very significant spatial disparities emerged, and the equalisation of living conditions, if at all, was seen as achievable only in the long term [6]. The results of the study point to the importance and effectiveness of the German spatial land use planning system as an example for other countries seeking to improve their own land management mechanisms and ensure sustainable economic and environmental growth. Object of research: spatial planning of land use. Subject of research: there are theoretical studies and analysis of spatial planning of land use in Germany. The goal of the study: The purpose of this study is to gain an in-depth understanding and analysis of the spatial land use planning system in Germany in order to identify key aspects contributing to its success. The research is aimed at studying the historical roots of the system, determining its legal and institutional basis, as well as studying public participation in the decision-making process on land use issues. The main goal is to identify the best practices and principles that can be used to improve the system of spatial planning of land use in other countries, in particular in Ukraine. Results of the research. The study of the spatial land use planning system in Germany has led to a number of important findings and recommendations that may be useful for other countries seeking to improve their own land management systems. Here are the main results of the study: Historical analysis: An in-depth analysis of the history of the development of the spatial planning system in Germany has shown that the sustainability and success of the system is based on a combination of long-term strategies with short-term actions. The integration of a mixed strategy allows the system to adapt to changes in the economy, society and ecology. Legal and institutional aspects: It was found that the effectiveness of the spatial planning system is ensured by a strong legal framework and clear mechanisms of interaction between different levels of governance, including state, regional and municipal levels. Public participation: Public participation in the decision-making process is one of the key components of success. The German system actively involves civil society organizations, experts and local residents in the development and implementation of land use strategies, ensuring a democratic and open process. Economic and environmental benefits: The study showed that the spatial planning system in Germany helps to achieve economic goals by promoting sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation, while ensuring the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for flexible and adaptive land management systems that are able to take into account the diverse challenges of the modern world, from climate change to socio-economic and cultural shifts. These results provide important information for governments, academic institutions, civil society organizations and other stakeholders to consider and implement the best practices of the German spatial planning system in the context of their own national sustainable development strategy. Keywords: spatial planning, landscape planning, land use, sustainable development, Germany, land management, ecological stability. List of used literature sources: 1. Tretyak A. M. et al. Territorial and spatial planning: basic principles of theory, methodology, practice. - 2021. 2. Ul A. et al. CONCEPTS AS A SPATIAL PLANNING TOOL. THE EXPERIENCE OF GERMANY //Urban development and territorial planning. – 2021. – no. 77. - pp. 458-474. 3. Pyrig A. FEATURES OF SPATIAL LAND USE PLANNING IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES //Utilization and protection of land resources and the tourist and recreational potential of territories: Materials of the All-Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Internet Conference. Dublyany, May 17, 2023–Lviv: Lviv National University of Nature Management, 2023.–174 p. – 2023. – P. 64. 4. A. V. Hoblyk, Tasks and content of regional plans: the experience of Germany. - 2012. 5. Marunyak E.O. Territorial (spatial) planning: content, evolution and main modern directions //Ukrainian geographical journal. - 2014. - Vol. 2. - P. 22-31. 6. Gukalova I. V. THE GERMAN EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT: ASPECTS OF SPATIAL JUSTICE.