Research of structure and properties of polymer metal-filled hydrogels
Students Name: Lemeha Mariana Romanivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Chemical Technologies of Polymeric and Composite Materials Processing
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Extended annotation Lemega M. G., Grytsenko O. M. (supervisor). Research of structure and properties of polymer metal-filled hydrogels. Master’s qualification work. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2020. Currently, among the metal-filled polymers new materials of specific characteristics acquired wide interest in science and practice - metal-filled polymer hydrogels - have obtained. The uniqueness of metal-filled hydrogels lies in the fact that it combines the properties of a hydrogel matrix and a filler metal. Polymer hydrogels are materials that have a porous structure. They are characterized by ability to swell in water and other polar solvents as well as permeability to low molecular weight substances. The filling of hydrogels with metals provides occurrence of new properties, for example, fluorescent, optical, catalytic, conductive, magnetic, bactericidal which possess the ability to change in the desired direction. The main problem in the creation of such materials is the choice of optimal method for adding the filler into the polymer matrix. The filling method determines the dispersion and distribution of the filler metal particles in the volume of the composite hydrogel, and, consequently, affects its structure, properties, as well as the productivity and economy of production. In this regard, the implementation of research towards the development of new, simplified in technological execution and high-performance methods for obtaining metal-filled polymers and hydrogel materials based on them is relevant and is of both theoretical and practical interest. At the same time, research in mentioned direction is impossible without knowledge and analysis of existing modern trends in the creation, research and use of metal-filled hydrogels. The object of research: the regularities of the synthesis and technology of obtaining metal-filled hydrogel materials, their structure and properties. Subject of research: composite hydrophilic metal-filled polymers and hydrogels based on them. Purpose of the work: to study the structure and properties of new polymer materials - metal-filled polymer hydrogels, depending on the nature and method of synthesis of filler metal particles, the method of obtaining hydrogel composites, as well as to establish the main industries of their use. A critical analysis of literary sources devoted to research in the field of synthesis and use of composite metal-filled hydrophilic polymers and hydrogels on their base has been presented. The modern ideas concerning the basic principles of the composite hydrogels creation are presented. The influence of the nature of metal- filler and polymer matrix also the methods of synthesis of Me(0) particles and polymer as well as filling method on the preparation of composite polymer hydrogels of predictable properties for specific areas of application are considered. It was found that the field of application of metal-filled hydrogels depends on the nature of the filler metal, the nature of the polymer matrix, and the choice of methods for the synthesis of metal particles, filling and synthesis of the polymer. At the same time, the analysis of the studies carried out in previous works shows that the methods of obtaining hydrogel metal composites that are currently used are technologically complicated, mainly long in time, multistage, energy-intensive, and require the use of complex equipment. In practice, a limited number of polymer matrices are used for filling. Based on a comparison of the most common polymer matrices that are currently used for the synthesis of metal-filled hydrogels, the advantages and prospects of using hydrogels based on copolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate for filling with metals are shown. The characteristics of modern methods of obtaining metal-filled hydrogels are given, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the feasibility of carrying out additional studies aimed at improving their manufacturability, efficiency and economy is substantiated. The analysis of scientific literature sources has shown that polymer metal-filled hydrogel materials are currently attracting the greatest attention of researchers of polymer composite materials. Modification of polymer hydrogels with metal particles makes it possible to obtain materials with specific properties. Due to the synergism of the properties of the metal filler and the polymer matrix, metal-filled hydrogels have unique characteristics, which ensures their use in various fields of science and practice. The work consists of an introduction, 6 chapters, a conclusion, a list of used literary sources, containing 123 references. The materials of the work are presented on 78 pages of printed text containing 7 tables and 8 figures. Key words: composite hydrogels, metal-filled hydrogels, metal nanoparticles, metal ions, chemical reduction, nanocomposites.