Designing of microclimate support systems in the preschool institution "Sonechko" in Boryslav, Lviv region
Students Name: Oliinyk Oleksandr Oleksandrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Oliynyk OO, Kozak HR (head). Design of microclimate systems in the preschool "Sonechko" in Boryslav, Lviv region. Master’s thesis. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2020. Extended annotation. Microclimate is the climate of the indoor environment, which is determined by temperature, humidity, air velocity, as well as the temperature of the internal surfaces of the room and affects the heat exchange of man with the environment, its thermal condition, well-being, efficiency and health. The microclimate determines the climatic conditions in a limited area: within the same room. A comfortable microclimate is considered to be a microclimate that provides a normal thermal well-being of a person, ie an adequate ratio of heat production and heat transfer. The premises have heat loss in winter through window and door openings, external protections such as floor, roof, basement, and most of all through walls. Depending on the purpose of the room, it will have different heat input, both from people and equipment that is in it and from sources of artificial lighting. The sum of these receipts and heat losses also determines the heat balance. A successful example of providing the necessary microclimate of the premises is mechanical ventilation in the preschool "Sonechko". In the premises of the kindergarten there is a mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation system to achieve quality air exchange, as well as a healthy microclimate of the premises. Ventilation is necessary for preschool institutions: the system provides constant ventilation of the premises so there is no need to open the windows, with the desired comfortable temperature in the middle of the room. Supply and exhaust ventilation systems control the ventilation in the room, while losing the least energy. They reduce the cost of heating, ventilated air, especially in winter, when the temperature is low, due to the transfer of heat from the warm indoor air to the supply outside air. And in the warm period of the year, the indoor air cools the supply air, thanks to this process it reduces the cost of cooling the room. Air supply and exhaust is carried out thanks to supply, exhaust, and supply and exhaust units of ROSENBERG To reduce costs and save money, we design heat pumps such as "water-air". The production of heat from a heat pump differs from the accepted traditional heating systems, which work by burning gas or liquid fuel, and also have a different principle of converting electricity into heat. The heat pump is an environmentally friendly system of heating, hot water supply and air conditioning, which brings heat from the environment into the house. It uses heat dissipated in the environment - in water or air, delivering it so productively that the cost of heating is significantly reduced. No need for any fuel. The savings are often so significant that the cost of installing such a system pays for itself in just a few years. An air-to-water heat pump is a certain analogue of a household air conditioner, the main difference of which is the fact that, instead of an evaporator, the function of calorie transfer is performed by a condenser, ie, the refrigerant does not reduce the resource temperature. According to the basic design of the heat pump, it must always have two main elements: a condenser and an evaporator. The heat pump does not pollute the environment in any way, it is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective source of heat. The object of research is an air-to-water heat pump. The subject of research is the use of a heat pump as an alternative source of energy to save money. The purpose of the study is to reduce the cost of systems to ensure the microclimate of the premises and determine the payback period of heat pumps such as "air-water". Key words - microclimate, supply and exhaust ventilation system, air-to-water heat pump, temperature, heating, ventilation, air conditioning. Research results. The analysis of the use of ventilation, heating and hot water supply systems, determined the annual heat consumption and its cost, as well as the payback period of heat pumps So, we came to the conclusion that to provide the necessary microclimate in the room, requires large financial costs. To save money, it is possible to use heat pumps as an alternative energy source.. ? List of used literature sources. 1. Microclimate and its impact on human performance [Electronic resource] // https://consumerhm.gov.ua/956-mikroklimat-ta-jogo-vpliv-na-pratsezdatnist-lyudini 2. Ventilation with recuperator [Electronic resource] - Mode of access to the resource: https://vent.te.ua/ventilation/ventilaciya-z-rekuperatorom. 3. Heat pumps type "water-air" [Electronic resource] - Mode of access to the resource: https://alternetica.com.ua/ua/production/heatpumps. 4. Zhukovsky SS, Labay VY Power supply systems and microclimate of buildings and structures: A textbook for HEIs. - Lviv: Astronomy - Geodetic Society, 2000. - 259 p. 5. Zhukovsky SS, Wozniak OT, Dovbush OM, Lyulchak ZS Ventilation of premises: Textbook for VNS - Lviv: Lviv Polytechnic National University Publishing House, 2007. - 491 p. 6. Automation and automation of heat supply and ventilation systems. Textbook for universities AA Kalmakov, Yu.A. Kuvshinov.