Project of a Section for Obtaining Ammonia at a Pressure of 30 MРa
Students Name: Kovalyshyn Olena Ivanivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Chemical Technologies of Inorganic Substances and Water Treatment
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Kovalishyn O. I, Kurylets OG (head). The project of the ammonia production site at a pressure of 30 MPa. Master’s thesis. - National University of Lviv Polytechnic, Lviv 2020. Actuality of theme. Ammonia is one of the most important products of the main chemical industry. World ammonia production is hundreds of millions of tons per year [1,2]. The problem of obtaining nitrogen compounds is vital and necessary for the development of mankind as a whole. One of the important part of any organism is protein , which includes nitrogen. A person should consume 70-100 grams of protein per day, containing 13-16 grams of Nitrogen. The human body cannot use Nitrogen of mineral origin for protein synthesis. Plants can only do this and they can provide humans and animals with proteins. Plants are able to synthesize proteins directly from nitrates or ammonium salts. It is known that there are almost no natural nitrogen compounds in the earth’s crust. Each year, a significant amount of bound Nitrogen compounds is removed from the crop soil. Loss of fixed Nitrogen in the soil is partially compensated by processes occurring in nature (these are legumes, nitrogen bacteria, obtaining Nitrogen compounds during electric discharges and other processes in nature). But these products are not enough to replenish the soil with nitrogen compounds. Therefore, to ensure stable and high yields, mineral nitrate fertilizers should be applied to the soil. The synthesis of such fertilizers is carried out by the ammonia method. That is, ammonia is the basis for the production of mineral nitrate fertilizers. In addition, ammonia is used for the manufacture of explosives, polymers, soda (by the Solve method) and other products of the chemical industry. Liquid ammonia is used as a solvent [1,2]. Thus, the relevance of the chosen topic is beyond doubt. The master’s qualification work consists of an explanatory note and a graphic part (5 sheets). The settlement explanatory note contains 5 sections, with a total volume of 102 pages. The paper selects and substantiates the feasibility of construction and location of the site, supply of raw materials, energy factors and personnel. Based on a critical analysis of existing methods of production of this product, the scheme was selected at medium pressure (30 MPa). On the basis of the material and thermal calculations of the process, the main and auxiliary equipment selected and its layout on the site are selected and calculated. The project identifies harmful chemicals that are used in production or are its emissions. Measures for safe work of people and protection of the environment from pollution are provided. The master ’s thesis contains important technical and economic indicators of production. Key words: ammonia, air, ammonia synthesis column, nitrogen-hydrogen mixture, ammonia synthesis catalyst. List of the main used literary sources of information. 1. Bound nitrogen technology: Textbook / LL Tovazhnyansky, SY Loboyko and others; edited by O.Ya. Loboyka.-Kharkiv: NTU "KhPI", 2007-536 p. 2. Technology of inorganic substances. Part 1. Gas technology / Voloshin MD, Shestozub AB and others - Dniprodzerzhynsk: 2009. - 311 p. 3. Nitrogen Handbook 1 hour, 2nd - ed. reworked. - М .: Chemistry, 1987. - 446 p. 4. Methods of calculations for the technology of bound nitrogen / Under Society. ed. Atroshchenko VI - K .: Higher school, 1978. - 311 p. 5. Permanent technological regulations of ammonia production of PJSC "RivneAzot", 2015 - 319 p. 6. Technology of ammonia / Yankovsky MA, DemidenkoIM etc.- Dnipropetrovsk: UDKHTU, 2004.-300 p.