The improvement of reliability and efficiency of TPP with T-250-300-240 power units
Students Name: Ivanets Oleksandr
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Heat and Power Engineering
Institute: Institute of Power Engineering and Control Systems
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2021-2022 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Ivanets O.A., Lys S.S. (head). Improving the reliability and efficiency of CHP with T-250-300-240 power units. Master’s thesis. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2021. In the markets of many countries there is a great potential for modernization of generating capacities and increase of efficiency of all system of district heating. New challenges for CHPs arise due to changes in electricity generation and market conditions. The growth of energy production from renewable sources, such as wind and solar, creates difficulties for energy systems and leads to significant variability in electricity prices. To achieve optimal economic performance, CHP operation should be more flexible. A typical situation is when market prices fall during the peak of electricity production from wind or solar energy. This leads to a decrease in CHP revenues from electricity markets. The ability to flexibly regulate heat production, for example, to accumulate heat while operating during high electricity prices and to reduce the plant’s capacity to a very low level (or even to shut down the plant) during low electricity prices, will increase CHP revenues. By re-evaluating traditional methods of CHP construction and finding optimal technical solutions, financial indicators can be improved. CHPs are able to further increase revenues if, in addition to electricity sales, they have the technical capacity to enter the ancillary services market and potential dynamic power markets. The object of research is a thermal power plant with T-250-300-240 power units. The subject of research is the project of modernization of CHP with T-250-300-240 power units. The purpose and objectives of research. The purpose of the work is to increase the reliability and efficiency of CHP with T-250-300-240 power units. To achieve this goal it was necessary to perform the following tasks: - to substantiate the construction of CHP and the choice of basic equipment; - to calculate the thermal scheme; - to calculate the boiler unit TGMP-314; - make a choice of auxiliary equipment of the power unit; - to analyze the fuel economy; - to analyze technical water supply; - develop the layout of CHP; - to calculate the technical and economic indicators of CHP. It is established that according to the magnitude and structure of thermal loads, taking into account the block diagram of the CHP, we accept the following composition of the main equipment: 3xT-250-240. We accept 4xK-300-240 as a competitive variant of CHP construction. It is shown that two chimneys and two fans are installed on a boiler with a steam capacity of more than 500 t/h. Also two exhaust gas recirculation fans are installed and proceeding from the fact that the temperature of exhaust gases t = 140 0С fuel oil we accept regenerative air heaters for installation. The designed boiler works with balanced draft. At installation productivity of each smoke extractor and the fan has to make 50%. It is shown that at a power plant with a block diagram, the supply of feeders is determined by the maximum consumption of feedwater to supply boilers with a margin of at least 5%. 1 turbocharged pump with 100% supply is installed on this unit with supercritical parameters. In addition we install the pump with the electric drive and the hydraulic coupling giving of 30-50%. It is established that the nominal thermal power of the heating selections of the turbine Т-250/300-240 Q=1383GJh. At pressures in the upper heating selection from 0.06 to 0.2 MPa, in the lower from 0.05 to 0.15 MPa. Based on this, we choose network heaters: main (lower ПСГ-1) ПСГ-5000-2.5-8-I with condensate pumps 3xКСВ-320-160-2. And peak (upper ПСГ-2) ПСГ-5000-3.5-8-I with condensate pumps 3хКСВ-320-160-2 with productivity 320m3h, pressure 160 m and power el. engine 250 kW. Mains heaters are installed individually in turbines without spare housings. At the designed CHP we accept the closed arrangement of the main case. For the CHP building we use a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame consisting of columns resting on a monolithic foundation. Step on the columns - 12 meters. The engine room is divided in height into two parts: the upper, which houses the turbines, and the lower, which houses the auxiliary equipment – turbine condensers, regenerative heaters, condensing and feed pumps, cooling water pipelines, and so on. Keywords: CHP, gas turbine installation, boiler equipment, combustion of gas fuel, increase of reliability, power unit.