«International Legal Sanctions Against the Islamic Republic of Iran: Effectiveness and Efficiency»
Students Name: Sholodko Liudmyla Ihorivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: International Relations
Institute: Institute of the Humanities and Social Sciences
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: International legal sanctions in modern political processes remain an essential mechanism for functioning the legal system and the primary mechanism for influencing states whose behavior threatens world peace and security. The international community has used sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran for nearly three decades. The various packages of sanctions currently in effect against the Islamic Republic of Iran are intended to influence the policies of the Iranian leadership by escalating economic pressure on Iran’s economy, institutions, private business communities, and individuals. The current sanctions regime, including those imposed by the United Nations Security Council, demonstrates the ability of the United States to work effectively with allies and other interested countries to develop a joint strategy toward Iran. At its core, the sanctions regime reflects the commitment of many key countries to prevent Iran from becoming a nuclear power. US and international politicians perceive sanctions against Iran in different ways: as a means to force Iran to sit down at the negotiating table, as a tactic to slow down the development of Iran’s nuclear program, as an anti-terrorist measure aimed at limiting Iran’s support for terrorist organizations, as a way to force Iran to change its domestic policy, which violates the human rights of its citizens and even as a tool for regime change in Iran. Regardless of the goal or combination of goals associated with a particular set of sanctions, the benefits of sanctions are often perceived as a powerful mechanism for diplomatic leverage, as the imposition of sanctions is widely considered the most potent alternative to military action. Study object - The international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Scope of research is the effectiveness and efficiency of international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Goal of research is to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this master’s thesis, the problem of the effectiveness and efficiency of applying international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran, including domestic and foreign sources, is investigated. As a result, it was determined that foreign and domestic researchers, including S. Galaka [1], and Yu. Sedlyar [2], V. Pakhil, widely researches this issue. In addition, the issue of the effectiveness and efficiency of international legal sanctions was repeatedly discussed by world leaders and was at the center of the attention of the world community. Most of the researchers’ attention is focused on the ineffectiveness of sanctions or the selectivity of their action, so optimizing and balancing the sanctions package needs more consideration and study [3]. The peculiarities of the military and nuclear potential of the Islamic Republic of Iran for global and regional security are determined. The most important in this context is the analysis of the Iran nuclear agreement, its compliance, and the peculiarities of Iran’s domestic and foreign policy before and after the conclusion of the agreement, as well as the geopolitical and economic dimensions of cooperation between the closest neighbors and strategic partners [1]. The issue of introducing international legal sanctions by the USA and international organizations against the Islamic Republic of Iran was revealed. In particular, the United States and the United Nations applied the most extensive sanctions package against the Islamic Republic of Iran in response to Iran’s illegal actions and attempts to obtain nuclear weapons by purchasing large volumes of enriched uranium [2]. Particular optimization problems and balancing international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran are highlighted. Mechanisms for preventing violations in the policy of international legal sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran are singled out. Optimizing the sanctions package requires a more in-depth analysis since the selectiveness, and lack of systematization of the introduction of restrictions does not show the expected results [5]. Prospects for expanding the sanctions package against the Islamic Republic of Iran as a mechanism for forming the regional and global security system are predicted [4]. Keywords: international legal sanctions, collective sanctions, nuclear program, Iran’s nuclear program, ILSA, CISADA, military potential, terrorism, "maximum pressure." Referenes. Галака, C. (2010). Іран та ядерне нерозповсюдження. Актуальні проблеми міжнародних відносин, (94), 3–7; Седляр, Ю. (2011). Політика санкцій США як фактор стримування іранської ядерної програми. Політичний менеджмент, (4), 137–145; Fathollah-Nejad, A. (2014). Why sanctions against Iran are counterproductive: Conflict resolution and state–society relations. International Journal, (69), 48–65; Rahman, A. (2015). Effectiveness of International Sanctions: Iran Perspective. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies, 117–122; Torbat, E. (2005). Impacts of the US Trade and Financial Sanctions on Iran. The World Economy, (28), 407–434.