Analysis of fire and man-made hazards of the compressor shop of PJSC Rivne, Rivne
Students Name: Ivanchuk Myroslava
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Civil Safety
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Ivanchuk M.M., Bilinskyi B.O. (head). Analysis of fire and man-made hazards of the compressor workshop of PJSC Rivne, Rivne. Master’s qualification work. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2022. Extended abstract. The beer industry occupies a significant niche in the entire processing industry of Ukraine. It is profitable not only for investors and direct producers, but also for the state. The last thing is that breweries are big taxpayers, and, given the specifics of the product, local taxes as well. This work is quite profitable and popular, so investing in its production provides quite profitable financial prospects. The profitability of brewing enterprises largely depends on many factors: the availability of raw materials, sales channels, and the solvency of the population. Therefore, having direct access to raw materials in most cases is a significant competitive advantage. Despite the fact that in Ukraine barley is grown in the amount necessary for the production of malt for all breweries, there is not enough quality raw material. To date, there are about 50 enterprises on the domestic beer market. If we talk about the saturation of the Ukrainian beer market, then it should be said that there are four leaders - ABInBev Ukraine, Carlsbeg, Obolon, SABMiller VVN Ukraine. The share of small breweries is about 6% and is gradually decreasing. A large number of dangerous factors are located on such objects, which can lead to accidents with the spread of dangerous substances not only on the territory of enterprises, but also threaten nearby buildings. According to the statistical review, in 2021, 166 emergency situations were registered in Ukraine, which, according to the National Classifier "Classifier of Emergency Situations" DK 019:2010, were divided into: man-made - 50; of a natural nature - 107; of a social nature - 9. As a result of these emergency situations, 172 people died (including 29 children) and 892 were injured (including 417 children). The first chapter describes the relevance of the topic of this master’s thesis. The second section describes the architectural solutions of the object. In the third section, an analysis of the object’s state of compliance with man-made (fire) safety was carried out. The fourth chapter describes the forecasting of the chemical situation at the facility. The fifth chapter describes measures to increase the level of man-made and fire safety of the research object. The sixth chapter describes labor protection and civil safety in emergency situations. The seventh chapter describes the economics of fire safety. The eighth chapter describes environmental ecology. The object of the study: the compressor shop of PJSC Rivne, Rivne, Rivne region. The subject of the study: volumetric planning and engineering solutions for ammonia storage tanks located at the enterprise. The purpose of the study: to analyze the state of fire and man-made hazards of the compressor workshop of PJSC Rivne, Rivne, Rivne region. So, the results of the master’s work are the analysis of man-made hazards of the company’s compressor shop. Having analyzed the conditions for the occurrence and development of accidents and fires at work, it was established that the most likely place for such an accident to occur is the ammonia tank in the compressor shop. Based on the analysis of hazards and the determination of the physical parameters of emergencies at different moments of time that may occur during the operation of ammonia in technological equipment, the calculation of the emergency release of ammonia from the ammonia tank and the calculation of the forces and means for the precipitation of ammonia vapors were carried out. For the deposition of ammonia in the emergency zone, the units of the PRS CZ involved: - 2 articles from NRT-5 with a flow rate of 3 to 6 l/s of water, with the 1st ammonia leak cloud of 0.4 tons, the area of pollution was 15.2 km2, and with the 2nd ammonia leak cloud of 0.2 tons, the area of pollution was 7.75 km2. - 2 fire trucks; - the propagation time of the 1st cloud was 1.36 hours; - emergency service workers, dosimetric service workers and police officers. Analyzing the issue of man-made safety at the enterprise, it is necessary to develop regulations on a special commission for the liquidation of the consequences of an emergency situation, interaction plans, plans for the training of management bodies and civil defense forces at the facility, an order for the appointment of a manager of works for the liquidation of the consequences of emergency situations, and an order for the formation of a headquarters for liquidation consequences of emergency situations. The enterprise should develop an order on the creation of evacuation agencies and the appointment of officials, a program of general training of employees, additional training on man-made safety of employees, a schedule of special object exercises and training on civil protection and planning, and the organization of personnel training for actions in the event of emergency situations , an agreement on service by state emergency and rescue services, as well as a declaration of conformity of the material and technical base of the economic entity with the requirements of the legislation on fire safety. By taking measures to eliminate the identified observations, it will make it possible to improve the man-made safety of the enterprise, increase the level of fire safety of the shop and the facility as a whole. The economic effect of installing automatic valves against gas leakage amounted to UAH 44,340.32. Key words: fire, fire extinguishing, fire safety, head of fire extinguishing, reconnaissance, fire localization, fire elimination. References. 1. Code of Civil Protection of Ukraine dated 02.10.2012 № 5403-VI. 2. Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine dated 26.04.2018 №340 “On approval of the Statute of actions in emergency situations of management bodies and divisions of the Operational and Rescue Service of Civil Defense and the Statute of actions of management bodies and divisions of the Operational and Rescue Service of Civil Protection during firefighting”. 3. Order of the Ministry for Emergencies of Ukraine dated 16.12.2011 №1342 “On approval of the Guidelines for the organization of the gas and smoke protection service in the units of the Operational and Rescue Service of the Civil Defense of the Ministry for Emergencies of Ukraine”. 4. Order of the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine dated 07.05.2007 №312 “Rules of labor safety in the bodies and departments of the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine”. 5. Handbook of fire extinguishing manager. - Kyiv: UkrNDICZ, Litera-Druk LLC, 2016. - 320 p. 6. Radiation safety standards of Ukraine; addition: Radiation protection against potential radiation sources (NRBU-97 / D-2000). 7. Order of the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine dated 16.12.2011 341341 “On approval of the Methodology for calculating the forces and means of the Ministry for Emergencies of Ukraine required for extinguishing fires in buildings and territories for various purposes”. 8. DSTU EN 2: 2014 "Classification of fires". 9. Order of the Ministry of Energy and Coal Industry of Ukraine dated 22.12.2011 №863 "On approval of the Instruction on fire fighting at energy facilities of Ukraine". - 2011. 10. State Classifier of Emergencies SC 019 2001.