Improving the speed characteristics of a passenger car by tuning the flywheel
Students Name: Klymash Andrii Romanovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Motor Vehicle Transport
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: In modern car tuning, three main areas of development are distinguished: exterior body design, interior modifications and technical improvements, which include the engine, transmission and chassis system. In today’s conditions, almost half of car owners are looking for an opportunity and buy not only attractive accessories, but also parts, elements, components to improve various operational and comfort properties and make their vehicle unique. This allows them to distinguish their cars from others, give them a special style and improve their everyday work. Owners install transmission, engine, and suspension assemblies on their cars that differ from the standard ones. Different people with different tastes and goals are engaged in the improvement and conversion of cars. As a result of processing and retrofitting, the car acquires not only inherent individuality and uniqueness. The implementation of the mentioned works does not always result in the improvement of traffic safety and stability parameters in various road conditions. Object of study — traction and speed properties of a passenger car. Scope of research: determination of the consequences of carrying out work on the installation of a lightweight flywheel on the acceleration properties of the car. Goal of research: clarification of the consequential features after the installation of a lightweight flywheel on a car with a gasoline engine in the aspect of changing its (the car’s) traction-speed properties. The first chapter presents the classification of flywheel designs, lists their main functions. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of flywheels, the main problems in their operation, malfunctions, features of assembly and disassembly are described. An approximate calculation of the values of energy savings when the flywheel is lightened is given. It is emphasized that the isolated use of a lightweight flywheel can lead to the opposite consequences that were expected from this action. It is briefly described how the flywheel can be lightened: by purchase in the case of production on an industrial scale, or by processing a serial standard flywheel yourself or by appropriate specialists. The second section is devoted to the description of accompanying work during tuning, which is often necessary to perform when installing a lightweight flywheel. Attention is focused in detail on a set of measures for reworking transmission elements, i.e. clutch, gearbox, main gear, as well as components of brake control, suspension. The changes made to the elements of the car can be minor, or they can be of a radical nature, fundamentally changing its technical characteristics. Moreover, most often, the replacement of such components and parts can directly or indirectly affect the driving characteristics of the car. An analysis of various options for increasing torque is also given, i.e. from increasing the working volume, compression ratio, applying supercharging, changing the characteristics of the control unit (chip-tuning), improving gas dynamics when filling and cleaning cylinders. The means of implementation of the specified methods, advantages and problems of the consequences of their application are described in detail. In the third chapter, it is substantiated that among a number of properties, one of the most important places is occupied by traction-speed (TSHV), which will be affected by the measures taken to install a lightweight flywheel. The criteria for evaluating TSHV are the limit (test) capabilities of the car, which are determined by the external speed characteristic of the engine. Considered and compared parameters depending on the speed of the car, which reflect or directly affect the change in its acceleration properties with a serial and lightweight flywheel. As a result, the following changes occurred: 1) acceleration of the car; 2) duration and acceleration path to a speed of 100 km/h. An M2 class passenger car was considered. Analytical calculations show that the listed measures contribute to an increase in acceleration up to 6 - 12% in lower gears, a reduction in the duration and distance of acceleration by 4 to 11%. Keywords: sports tuning, external speed characteristics; dynamic factor; acceleration of the car; duration (time) and acceleration path.