Study of the public transport influence on the noise pollution level on arterial streets of regional significance
Students Name: Shevchyk Taras Ivanovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Cargo and Transport Management
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: The trend of sustainable development of cities began to develop in the 80s of the last century in certain European countries. This is the time when certain cities and agglomerations have come to the realization that mass motorization, along with improving the mobility of city dwellers, has a negative impact on the environment. This influence is growing at this time. Among them, the largest increase in emissions of exhaust gases is considered to be a positive trend not only due to the number of cars, but also environmentally harmful modes of operation of engines during significant standstills in queues and traffic jams. In accordance with this, strategies and plans are adopted, which provide for a decrease in the level of car use and the use of alternative types of movement in the city [1-2]. At this time, the problem of acoustic pollution of the urban environment is often overlooked, which, although smaller, has a significant impact on the quality and comfort of life of city residents. In the process of transition from cars as the main means of movement in the city to public transport, in the medium term, it will be necessary to solve the environmental problems created by vehicles intended for mass transportation of passengers. In general, the review of the problem and the results obtained so far can be divided into three parts. The first is the main regularities of changes in the noise level in the urban environment and the calculated indicators, which are stipulated by the current regulatory documents. The second is the generally accepted acceptable levels of acoustic pollution of urban spaces, as well as the limits of their deviation [3]. The third is currently relevant methods of combating excessive acoustic load. A thorough review of these issues will provide a full understanding of the problem that is being addressed in this article and a correct formulation of the goal and objectives of the research. In general, 60-80% of the acoustic load in residential buildings is generated by traffic flows, and not by stationary sources of noise pollution [4]. Traffic noise is one of the most dangerous parametric pollutions of the environment. Its negative impact on the quality of life of residents and their state of health is quite significant, which has been repeatedly proven by specialists in the field of medicine [5]. Study object – sections of main streets of regional importance. Scope of research is the pattern of changes in noise generated by public transport at different speeds on different types of road surface. ? The purpose of the study: to determine the characteristics of noise generation in traffic streams of different composition when the speed of movement changes, both on cobblestones and when driving on an asphalt concrete surface. The research results obtained in this work indicate that the composition of the traffic flow is not always a determining factor in the acoustic calculation, since both the speed of movement and the type of surface play an important role. It has been established that when traffic flows are moving along cobblestones, the difference in generated noise in traffic flows of different composition does not exceed 3%, which prompts a review of the current regulations regarding acoustic calculation in urban transport planning. Keywords - main streets, public transport, noise pollution, noise source, road surface. References 1. Zakhyst terytorii budynkiv i sporud vid shumu [Protection of territories, buildings and structures from noise]. (2013). DBN ISO V.1.1-31:2013 from 01th June 2014. Kyiv: Ministry of Regional Development (in Ukrainian) 2. Vplyv transportu na ekolohiyu mista. Analiz ta stratehiyi dlya Ukrayiny [The influence of transport on ecology of the city. Analysis and strategies for Ukraine]. Retrieved from https://ucn.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/transport-ukr4_small.pdf (in Ukrainian) 3. Morillas, J., Gozalo, G., Gonzalez, D., Moraga, P., & Vilchez-Gomez, R. (2018). Noise Pollution and Urban Planning. Current Pollution Reports, 4(3), 208-219. doi: 10.1007/s40726-018-0095-7 (in English) 4. Hurenkova O. (2018). Mozhlyvi shlyakhy vyrishennya ekolohichnykh problem mis?koho transportu [Possible ways to solve environmental problems of urban transport]. Visnyk Skhidnoukrayins?koho Natsional?noho Universytetu imeni Volodymyra Dalya [Bulletin of the Eastern Ukrainian National University named after Volodymyr Dal], Number 1 (242), 45–49. (in Ukrainian) Lezhneva O. (2017). Ekologichna otsinka tranportnoho shumu na vulychno-dorozhniy merezhi mista [Eviromental assesment of traffic noise on the urban road network]. Visnyk HNADU [Bulletin of KNARU], Volume 77, 87–94. (in Ukrainian)