Integration of electric vehicle charging infrastructure with renewable energy sources
Students Name: Vasyliev Oleksandr Dmytrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Energy Security
Institute: Institute of Power Engineering and Control Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: The first chapter of my master’s thesis covers the history of electric vehicles, as well as the relevance and importance of integrating electric vehicle charging infrastructure with renewable energy sources. The main objectives of this work include technical analysis of the existing infrastructure, research on renewable energy sources, assessment of the envi-ronmental impact of integration, analysis of social aspects, and development of integrated charging station models. The study also emphasizes the importance of integration to re-duce carbon footprint, increase energy efficiency, ensure energy security and independ-ence, stimulate economic growth, improve air quality, support sustainable development, and promote electromobility. Object of research - charging stations, their efficiency, and compatibility with renewable energy sources. The subject of the study is the parameters of charging stations and their potential for using various types of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, in the context of charging systems for electric vehicles. Goal of research: to assess the current state of the infrastructure, identify opportunities and challenges for such integration, and develop strategic recommendations for its effective implementation. In the second chapter, an analysis of various standards and technologies for charging electric vehicles is conducted, with a particular focus on the CCS system, which integrates fast charging and conventional charging, making it an important component in the modern infrastructure for charging electric vehicles, especially in Europe where it is the standard for many new electric vehicles; the importance of using liquid-cooled charging cables is discussed, necessitated by the need to ensure safety and efficiency at high amperages; various types of connectors for electric vehicles are also analyzed, their specifications, including maximum output currents and powers, as well as the levels of charging that are used in different countries; the potential for integrating renewable energy sources with charging infrastructure is analyzed, which opens new opportunities for reducing CO2 emissions and contributes to the transition to a more ecologically sustainable transportation system. The third section presents a comprehensive analysis of EV charging technologies, focusing on optimal parameters and future trends. The study covers both existing and proposed charging technologies, with a focus on converter design, different power levels, energy flow direction, and charge management methodologies. Particular attention is paid to an efficient and fast approach to charging lithium-ion batteries, which contributes to their longer life and high charging efficiency. The fourth section discusses strategies for integrating the infrastructure of chargers for electric vehicles with renewable energy sources; analyzing their placement and combining them with the latest advances in technology and battery management to increase the range of electric vehicles and reduce charging time. The report also considered the concept of Vehicle-to-Grid, which involves the use of an electric vehicle battery to provide electricity to the grid during peak loads, which increases system reliability. In addition, a solution for microgrids was proposed, namely, a grid-tie inverter for photovoltaic systems, such integration of the inverter into the electric vehicle charging infrastructure can facilitate the use of solar energy for charging electric vehicles, thereby increasing the stability of the microgrid. Keywords: electromobility, renewable energy sources, charging infrastructure, system integration, technological innovations, charging stations, battery pack, emissions reduction. References 1. History of Electric Cars [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://avt.inl.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fsev/HistoryOfElectricCars.pdf 2. Infrastructure development and European integration [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://mtu.gov.ua/en/content/rozvitok-infrastrukturi-ta-evrointegraciya.html 3. Defining infrastructure integration: Abstract aspirations and institutional variations [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318757387_Defining_infrastructure_integration_Abstract_aspirations_and_institutional_variations 4. EV charging connector types [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://www.power-sonic.com/blog/ev-charging-connector-types/ 5. Chellaswamy, C.; Ramesh, R. Future Renewable Energy Option for Recharging Full Electric Vehicles // Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – 2017. – Vol. 76. – Pp. 824–838. 6. Mwasilu, F.; Justo, J.-J.; Kim, E.-K. et al. Electric Vehicles and Smart Grid Interaction: A Review on Vehicle to Grid and Renewable Energy Sources Integration // Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. – 2014. – Vol. 34. – Pp. 501-516. 7. Electric Vehicles Charging Technology Review and Optimal Size Estimation [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://link.springer.com/arti-cle/10.1007/s42835-020-00547-x 8. The impact of electric vehicles on the outlook of future energy system [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/323348464_The_impact_of_electric_vehicles_on_the_outlook_of_future_energy_system 9. Grid-Connected Inverter for a PV-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station to Enhance the Stability of a Microgrid [Electronic resource] - Resource access mode: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/24/1