Monitoring of glacier surfaces in the Argentine Islands region based on archival remote sensing data
Students Name: Nesmyrna Hanna Olehivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Geoinformation System and Technology
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Glaciers are an important part of the world’s cryosphere. They account for less than 1% of the total ice blocked on land in the form of glaciers and ice sheets but now are the dominant cryospheric factor contributing to sea level rise worldwide (Pellikka & Rees, 2009). In recent decades, the most significant changes in climate and glacial surfaces have been recorded in the western part of Antarctica, and especially in the Antarctic Peninsula region. The air temperature increases at a rate of + 3.4 ° C per century, five times higher than the global (Turner, Lu, White, King, Phillips, Hosking & Deb, 2016). The situation on the Antarctic Peninsula significantly affects the formation and course of glaciological processes in this region. Therefore, the study of local features of glaciers of local regions is relevant and relatively accessible (Marusazh, Savchyn, Nesmyrna, 2023). Argentine islands are located on the west coast of the Antarctic Peninsula and belong to the Wilhelm archipelago. The glaciers of the Argentine Islands region are sensitive to climate change and play an important role in regulating sea levels моря (Chown, Leihy, Naish, Brooks, Convey, Henley & Grant, 2022). Observation of the dynamics of Antarctic glaciers will reveal the climatic, glaciological and biological changes occurring (Марусаж, 2020). An integrated approach has been applied to monitor the surface of glaciers in the Argentine Islands region, based on the use of archival cartographic materials and aerial photography materials. The study object is monitoring the surfaces of glaciers in the Argentine Islands region. The scope of research is an integrated approach to determine changes in the surfaces of glaciers on the Galindez, Winter and Skua islands in the Argentine Islands region. The aim of the work is to determine the changes and modelling of the surfaces of the glaciers on Galindez, Winter and Skua islands (Argentine Islands, Antarctic Peninsula) by archival materials. The experimental research work consisted of processing archival and aerial survey materials, determining changes in glacier surfaces using TIN (Triangular Irregular Networks) models, elevation profiles, and analyzing snow and ice cover using controlled surface classification. The work was performed in Digitals and ArcGis software. The experimental and research works consisted in the processing of archival cartographic materials for the years 1938 and 1963, as well as aerial photography materials for the years 2005 and 2009. Archive materials are supplemented with data for 2019. Materials were processed in Digitals and ArcGis software. Digital and TIN (Triangular Irregular Networks) models of glacier surfaces were built, their changes in volumes and height profiles were determined. An analysis of snow and ice cover was also performed using supervised classification. This study made it possible to determine the changes in the glacial surfaces of Galindez, Winter and Skua islands over 61 years. Key words: Monitoring, archival cartographic materials, changes in glacier surfaces, Galindez Skua and Winter islands. List of used literary sources: 1. Pellikka, P., & Rees, W. G. (Eds.). (2009). Remote sensing of glaciers: techniques for topographic, spatial and thematic mapping of glaciers. CRC press. 2. Turner, J., Lu, H., White, I., King, J. C., Phillips, T., Hosking, J. S., ... & Deb, P. (2016). Absence of 21st century warming on Antarctic Peninsula consistent with natural variability. Nature, 535(7612), 411-415. 3. Marusazh Kh., Savchyn I., Nesmyrna H. (2023). Monitoring of glacier surfaces in the Argentine Islands (Antarctic Peninsula) region based on archive materials. XI International Antarctic conference dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the birth of Volodymyr Vernadsky – the first president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, founder of the study of noosphere, Kyiv, Ukraine, May 10?12, 2023: book of abstracts, 55–56 4. Chown, S. L., Leihy, R. I., Naish, T. R., Brooks, C. M., Convey, P., Henley, B. J., ... & Grant, S. M. (2022). Antarctic climate change and the environment: a decadal synopsis and recommendations for action. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. 5. Marusazh, Kh. I. Development of methodology of comprehensive study of changes in surface volumes of island glaciers of the Antarctic coast. Qualification scientific work on the rights of manuscript. Lviv. 2020.