Agricultural land utilization according to their natural and ecological suitability on the example of the Chervonohrad territorial community
Students Name: Sereda Anastasiia Pavlivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Land Management and Cadastre
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: This study analyzes the targeted use of land in the area. A report on the availability of land and their distribution by landowners, land users, land and types of economic activity. The distribution of lands within the Chervonograd district is given.The general distribution of the land fund as of January1, 2022 is analyzed. The distribution of lands by forms of ownership is given. The explication of the lands of PP "Veres-K", which is one of the largest land users of the district, is analyzed. The sown areas, yield and gross collection of PP "Veres-K", are calculated (according to the current situation and according to the project). The calculation of the humus balance for the structure of sown areas inPP "Veres-K", (as is and according to the project). The result of these studies is the correct design decision for landscaping of agriculturalPP "Veres-K",which will ensure the ecological and economic reproduction of the production of marketable products and improve the condition of land. Study object -is the optimization of the use of agricultural landsin the territory of Chervonograd district of Lviv region. Scope of research - is the technology of development and implementation of methods of rational use of agricultural lands. Methods of research: During the research the methods of mathematical statistics, technologies of cadastral works were used. Briefly put research results. It should be noted that since the proclamation of independence of our state there have been no significant changes in the construction of land: in fact, the area of land has decreased in favor of buildings, ie recently there is a negative trend of withdrawal of agricultural lands and changes in their purpose, ie recently the negative tendency of withdrawal of agricultural lands from circulation and change of their purpose is traced. This leads to a significant reduction in their quality, and in some cases, complete loss of fertility. (Hulko, O.R, 2015). The need for efficient and rational use of land, protection and preservation of its quality (as the soil of agricultural land) is due to negative details - such as erosion. (Perovich, L., & Hulko, O., 2019). Rational use of agricultural land is a problem that is becoming increasingly difficult in Ukraine. Today it has various aspects, the most important of which are technological, economic, organizational and environmental. (Malashevskyi, M., Kuzin, N., Palamar, A., &Malanchuk, M., 2017) In order to protect the environment, land management projects are developed, the detailed plan of which includes measures to protect soil, water and air. (Sai, V., Khavar, Yu., & Vynarchyk, L., 2019).The division of the land fund of Sokal district by purpose is given on the basis of land owners, land users, lands and types of economic activity. The distribution of lands within the Chervonograddistrict is given. The essence of today’s land reform in the country is based primarily on issues of efficient and environmentally safe use of land resources. (Malanchuk, M., Muzyka, N., Khavar, Yu., &Hulko, O., 2019). A significant requirement in the organization of efficient agricultural production is operational information on the distribution and use of land resources. (Perovich, L., Ludchak, O. &Hulko, O., 2018). To determine the ecological efficiency of the existing structure of agricultural crops PP "Veres-K", we calculate the balance of humus. It is recommended to define the efficiency of agricultural land use as the difference between the output of gross output in the current state and the project. For the territory of agricultural lands it is necessary to calculate the project ecological and economic indicators. It is proposed to use such an indicator of land use efficiency as the output of gross output from 1 unit of area according to the current state and the project. Calculations show that the balance of humus in the current state of land use is negative and from 1hectare of arable land is -5.1 h/hectare, and from 1 hectareof agricultural land - it is -2.6 h/hectare. A negative humus balance means that there is a need for a more rational structure of sown areas that would ensure a positive humus balance. To achieve this, it is necessary to increase the sown area of perennial grasses, as well as reduce the sown area of those crops that significantly remove humus from the soil, namely: corn, rapeseed, spring barley and winter wheat. It is also possible to reorganize sown areas and other crops. (Passport of the region:Chervonograd district, 2021). We were able to design a ratio of sown areas that reduced the cost of humus from the soil, and at the same time the cost of restoring soil fertility. Key words: land, land resources, rational use, humus balance, crop rotation. References. 1. Malashevskyi, M., Kuzin, N., Palamar, A., & Malanchuk, M. (2017). The problems of spatial ordering and taxation of agricultural lands. Geodesy and Cartography, 43(4), pp.166-172. 2. Region passport:Chervonograd district. (2021). Main Department of Statistics in Lviv Region. Date of application 11.11.2023. Access mode: http://database.ukrcensus.gov.ua/regionalstatistics/regiontree.files/asp_tables_uk/248.htm#49. 3.Perovich, L., Ludchak, O. & Hulko, O. (2018). Analysis of world experience in the use of space survey methods for monitoring agricultural lands. Modern achievements of geodetic science and production ", collection of scientific works of the Western Geodetic Society UTGC, issue I (35). pp. 64-70. Lviv Polytechnic Publishing House. 4.Malanchuk, M., Muzyka, N., Khavar, Y., &Hulko, O. (2019). Spatial sustainable development of society as a basis of socio-economic relations. Bulletin of Lviv National Agrarian University. Series: Economics of Agriculture, (26),pp.11-14. 5. Perovich, L., & Hulko, O. (2019). Monitoring the actual ecological end economic situation of agricultural land use in Ukraine. Geodesy and Cartography, 68(2), pp. 349-359. 6. Sai, V., Кhavar, Y., & Vynarchyk, L. (2019). The relevance assessment of the land use for wind power engineering in settlements of Lviv region. Geodesy and Cartography, 45(4), pp.154-160. 7. Hulko, O (2015). Ecological and economic determinants of mechanisms for ensuring sustainable use of agricultural land. Monograph. Lviv: Center of Europe Publishing House, 2015. - 236 p.