The aspects of utilizing energy-efficient systems to maintain microclimate parameters in rooms during cottage construction
Students Name: Opalinskyi Stanislav
Qualification Level: master (ESP)
Speciality: Building and Civil Engineering
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: англійська
Abstract: Opalinsky S.S. Master’s qualification thesis . The aspects of utilizing energy-efficient systems to maintain microclimate parameters in rooms during cottage construction Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2024 Supervisor: Zhelykh V.M. Extended Annotation Relevance of the topic: Approach and methods of application of energy-efficient systems to maintain microclimate parameters in premises in cottage construction. Purpose of work: In modern construction, special attention is paid to energy efficiency issues and methods of achieving an energy-efficient solution. One of the key components of comfortable housing is the indoor microclimate. Ensuring optimal microclimate parameters in cottages can be achieved through the use of energy-efficient systems for maintaining microclimate parameters. This work is devoted to the study of the features of the use of such systems in cottage construction and analysis of ways to reduce heat loss by a residential building during operation. Scientific novelty of the work: optimization of thermal loads on the heating system of a residential building due to the analysis of external protection and optimization premises air exchange. Impact of the use of regulatory requirements of Ukraine and Europe. In recent years, the issues of energy efficiency of engineering solutions have become relevant in construction, and special attention is paid to the issues of comfort and efficient use of energy in residential buildings. Design, installation and maintenance of systems is not carried out in the same way by referring to various regulatory and legal documents. Every year the recommendations of equipment manufacturers are increasingly used. The use of instructions and recommendations of manufacturers generally does not contradict the requirements of state building codes. But the initial data is used from the regulatory framework of the country of the equipment manufacturer. The paper briefly describes the relevance of the topic and provides an example of the execution, calculation and implementation of energy-efficient systems for maintaining microclimate parameters in the premises of cottage construction. It is the analysis of approaches to the construction of cottages that is the goal and task of the study. The analysis of external protection has a direct impact on the parameters of the microclimate in residential buildings. In different variants of the energy saving strategy, the basis is the study and improvement of external protections, their impact on further engineering solutions. Various options for calculating construction solutions and their dependence on standards and norms that regulate the quality of protection in buildings are considered. External protection has a direct impact on the microclimate in the living quarters of buildings. It was decided to recalculate the heat-insulating layer taking into account the dew point for the main protective structures, namely the outer wall of the residential area of the building. It is based on the analysis of the results of automatic calculation and the minimum permissible values of heat transfer resistance in accordance with the state standards of Ukraine. The analysis of the decision, made in the first part of the paper, has a positive effect on energy efficiency in cottage construction. Basic solutions in heating and hot water supply systems are provided. The concept and methods of engineering solutions in heating depend on building thermophysics. It is possible to use more modern equipment with lower capital costs and get an increase in the energy efficiency of systems, in particular in the context of cottages. The use of energy-efficient technologies in heating, namely the use of low-temperature heating and hot water preparation systems, is considered. Modern ventilation systems in cottages are considered. Types of systems are defined, the main components of such systems and their functions are described. The impact of standards and requirements on systems and the energy efficiency of solutions in buildings are considered. In this paper, there is an overview of various ventilation systems for residential buildings, which will help us choose the most suitable option. We compare costs, space requirements, installation costs, and energy efficiency to simplify the selection process. The paper identifies challenges and limitations in the implementation of energy-efficient systems in cottages. In the scientific work, we will consider different approaches to the implementation of ventilation of premises based on the regulatory framework of Ukraine and the EU. The data obtained emphasize the importance for the sustainable development of construction and increasing the comfort of cottage residents. The approach to energy saving in Ukraine and Europe has both common features and significant differences due to different economic, political and technological conditions. Both regions are working to improve energy efficiency, but in Europe the approach is more structured, with a high level of financial and legislative support. In recent years, the issues of energy efficiency of engineering solutions have become relevant in construction, and special attention is paid to the issues of comfort and efficient use of energy in residential buildings. Design, installation and maintenance of systems are performed in a different way. They refer to various regulatory and legal documents, the recommendations of equipment manufacturers are also used. The use of instructions and recommendations of manufacturers plays a key role in the selection of engineering systems in modern engineering. References: 1. DBN V.2.2-15:2019 Residential buildings. Basic provisions. 2. DBN V.2.6-31:2016* Thermal insulation of buildings. The official publication is the Ministry of Construction, Architecture and Housing and Communal Services. Kyiv-2006 3. DBN V.2.5-67:2013 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" - Kyiv: Ministry of Construction of Ukraine, 2013 4. Bogoslovsky V. N., Skanavy A. N. Heating.- M.: Stroyizdat, 1991. Designer’s Handbook. Internal sanitary facilities. Part 1. Heating_ Moscow, Stroyizdat Publ., 1990. 5. Designer’s Handbook. State-of-the-art indoor hot and cold water supply, central heating and underfloor heating. KAN-therm Systems Warsaw, 1999. 6. Catalogue of the company "HERZ", 1997-1998. Hertz Reinforcement GmbH. 7. DSTU-N B V. 1.1-27:2010 "Construction Climatology" - K.: Ministry of Construction of Ukraine, 2010. 8. DSTU B V.2.6-189:2013 Methods of selection of heat-insulating material for insulation of buildings. 9. Fanger Ole. Quality of Internal Air in the XXI Century: Impact on Comfort, Productivity and Health of People // AVOK.– 2003.– No 4.– P. 12-18. 10. ISO 7730:1994(E). Ambiances thermiques moderes – Determination des indices PMV et PPD et specifications de comfort thermique.