Construction of a multi-apartment residential building with underground parking in the village of Horishnii
Students Name: Demchyshak Nazarii Romanovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Industrial and Civil Construction
Institute: Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Lviv is a city that is part of an administrative district in Ukraine and is the center of the Lviv region. It is known as the national-cultural and educational-scientific center of the country, and is also a major industrial and transport hub. Lviv is considered the capital of Galicia and Western Ukraine. European highways E40, E372, E471 pass through the city, as well as international highways M06, M09, M10, M11, along with national routes N09, N13, N17, which connect Lviv with other cities of Western Ukraine. The city has the largest number of architectural monuments in Ukraine and was recognized as the Cultural Capital of Ukraine in 2009. Lviv regularly takes leading positions in the ratings of tourist and investment attractiveness. It is the seventh most populous city in the country. The population is about 760,000 people. There was a need to build a residential complex with the name: Construction of a multi-apartment residential building with underground parking in the village of Horishniy. (Construction of a multi-apartment residential building with underground parking in the village of Horishnii). According to the master plan, the technical and economic indicators are: designed building - 795.6 m2, existing office building - 533.2 m2, existing residential buildings - 712.13; 503.9 and 1371.2 m2, cottage - 1814.3 m2, total plot area - 4121.3 m2, building area - 795.6 m2, paving area - 1357.6 m2, landscaping area - 1967.8 m2. The note indicates the direction of the winds with the orientation of the buildings. In accordance with the task envisaged by the project, parking spaces and a recreation area near the shopping and office center were designed. The overall dimensions of the building are 35.10 x 20.75 m. in axes. The building is simple in plan. The maximum height of the building is 34.35 m. The floor area is 9 floors with available underground parking. The planning of the residential complex was carried out in accordance with all project requirements and in compliance with current regulations, provided for: parking, warehouse, commercial premises, sanitary facilities, cafe premises, hall, etc. The construction of the external walls and facades is 250 mm thick brickwork, with insulation of 100 mm hard wool, the decoration is carried out with cement-perlite mortar with subsequent painting with frost-resistant and moisture-resistant facade paints according to the task. According to the structural scheme, the building is a monolithic space frame with stiffening diaphragms in the form of a monolithic stairwell and elevator shaft. Foundations - 600 mm thick monolithic slab. Monolithic floor slabs serve as a hard disk. The stairs are monolithic. The walls are brick and insulated with mineral wool. The roof is a flat roof, insulated. The layers are indicated in the note and on the architectural drawings. The structural section of the thesis provides for the calculation of four main structures of the designed building. In this case, these are reinforced concrete structures, namely: foundation slab, typical floor slab, monolithic column and monolithic ramp. The Dlubal RFEM software complex was used for the machine calculation of building structures. In this program, the reinforced concrete frame of the building is modeled, taking into account all load-bearing elements and loads according to regulatory documents. Based on the data of engineering and geological investigations, the foundation is designed as a monolithic slab with a thickness of 600 mm. The material of the foundations is heavy concrete of class C20/25, brand W6, reinforced with grids and spatial frames made of reinforcement of class A500C. Under the foundations, it is necessary to arrange a concrete preparation with a thickness of at least 100 mm. According to the engineering and geological report, IGE-3 and IGE-4 soils are used as the basis of the foundations. The main lower reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm, A500S, with a mesh step of 200x200 mm, the main upper reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm, A500S, with a mesh step of 200x200 mm. Additional reinforcement is also provided according to the calculated areas obtained from the model. S20/25 concrete covering slab. We accept the background (main) bottom reinforcement ? ?12 A400С with a step ?? = 200 mm. In places of larger moments, the main reinforcement is not enough, therefore we additionally install rods up to ?16 with a step according to the calculation. The upper mesh of the reinforcement (background): We accept ? ?10 A400С with a step of ?? = 200 mm. In places of larger moments, the main reinforcement is not enough, therefore we additionally install rods up to ?16 with a step according to the calculation. Structurally, we install additional fittings to frame the openings of the ceiling. Since there are additional forces in the places of the holes. We install reinforcement ?12 with a step of ?? = 50 mm. The next construction is a monolithic reinforced concrete ramp. According to the calculation, we accept the lower ?12 A400C with a step ?? = 200 mm and the upper ?10 A400C with a step ?? = 200 mm. Columns - reinforced concrete, variable section. Reinforcement of columns "inset" without welding. The principle of reinforcement is given on the structural sheets. In the fourth section, calculations of local, object and consolidated estimates were carried out based on technical and economic indicators of the building. The topic of the scientific work is inversion and traditional roofs with bitumen and membrane waterproofing coating in construction. The researched indicators of the cost of "green" coating of buildings, as well as ecological and economic benefits during their operation. The effectiveness of thermal insulation is proven when using a "green" roof in the cold season in Manchester’s climate. Experimental data of various solutions for green roofs in Italy have shown that the passive cooling effect of a green roof leads to a reduction of thermal energy leaving the building.