«Territorial Integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina: International Political Dimension»
Students Name: Matsenko Dmytro Mykolaiovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: International Relations
Institute: Institute of the Humanities and Social Sciences
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: It has been proven that external influences, especially from Croatia, Serbia, international organizations and influential states, are of great importance for the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is necessary to provide favorable conditions for cooperation between regional entities and the international community to preserve peace, stability and unity in the country. The object of the study is the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The subject of the study is the international political dimension of the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the influence of various international actors on the integration / disintegration processes in the state. The purpose of the work is to analyze the causes of ethnic conflicts, study historical and cultural aspects, and analyze international interventions in the affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is argued that the breakup of Yugoslavia led to the emergence of numerous conflicts, in particular the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from 1992 to 1995. This war was particularly bloody and brutal, accompanied by ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity and a large number of civilian casualties. The conclusion from these events is the need to study the causes of the conflict, understand the importance of diplomacy and international cooperation to prevent similar situations in the future. It also shows the importance of establishing peaceful relations and supporting human rights in regions where there are tensions between ethnic groups. It has been proven that the Dayton Agreement concluded in 1995 established the state-territorial structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the agreement, the country consists of two entities: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska. At the same time, Brcko became a city-separate district. Each of these subjects has its own rights and competences, as well as united institutions for solving common issues. The Dayton Accords created a complex governance system that, while helping to end the war, did not fully resolve the problems and conflicts in the region. This continues to require the attention of the international community to ensure stability and peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is emphasized that Croatia and Serbia, which have historical, cultural and ethnic ties to certain regions within Bosnia and Herzegovina, have a significant influence on its condition, and this influence can lead to conflicts within the country. Their impact on territorial integrity can be complex, particularly through the support of relevant ethnic or political groups. International organizations such as the UN, the European Union and NATO, as well as influential world powers such as the USA, Germany, etc., tried and are trying to maintain the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina through diplomatic and peacekeeping measures, facing significant difficulties caused by the influence of other states , in particular, Russia. Russia plays a significant and often negative role in the region due to its political and geopolitical interests. Its actions are generally aimed at destabilizing the situation in the Balkans and undermining the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, international relations, diplomacy, Balkans, politics, territorial integrity, state. Key sources: Zabara, V. (2013). Bosniia i Hertsohovyna: «mizhnarodnyi protektorat» chy «umovno-suverenna kraina». Hileia, 75 (8), 144-146. Dykan, R. (2021). Politychnyi rozvytok Bosnii ta Hertsehovyny u 1990–1992 rr. naperedodni hromadianskoi viiny. In «Perspektyvni napriamky naukovykh doslidzhen»: LXVII Mizhnarodna naukovo-praktychna internet-konferentsiia (Rivne, 31 may 2021). Rivne, pp. 109-116. Naumov, A., Zavhorodnia V. (2020). Internatsionalizatsiia konstytutsiinoho uriaduvannia na prykladi Deitonskykh uhod po Bosnii i Hertsehovyni. In «Suspilno-politychni protsesy na ukrainskykh zemliakh: istoriia, problemy, perspektyvy»: materialy VII Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (Sumy, 21 april 2020). Sumy: SumDU, S. 42-46. Ruda, V. (2010). Yevropeiskyi dosvid urehuliuvannia kryz : na materiali konfliktu v Bosnii i Hertsehovyni (1991-1995 rr.). Skhid, 2 (102), 97-102.