Regularities of formation of hydrogel membranes based on acrylate matrices modified with functionally active water-soluble polymers
Students Name: Chernyhevych Oleh Ihorovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Chemical Technologies of Polymeric and Composite Materials Processing
Institute: Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2023-2024 н.р.
Language of Defence: англійська
Abstract: The current state of development of the technology of polymer and composite materials leads to their widespread use in various fields of human activity. The use of polymer materials for biomedical purposes deserves special attention. In this aspect, the problem of developing new biocompatible functionalized polymeric membrane materials with adjustable self-assembly and diffusion properties that can be used as medical films and membranes for purification of various pharmaceuticals is relevant. The share of individual polymers for the synthesis of such materials is small, since they must have a set of special properties for specific applications. To solve this problem, preference is given to polymer modification, in particular, the search for optimal combinations of traditional polymers and the production of hydrogel materials for biomedical purposes on their basis. Modern technologies for the formation of biomedical polymers are aimed at developing biocompatible materials that would be similar in properties to the tissues of a living organism. In particular, the task of creating biocompatible functionalized hydrogel membranes based on water-soluble monomer-polymer compositions is relevant today, which, along with regulated high sorption, diffusion, and transport characteristics, are characterized by the necessary dynamic me chanical strength required in membrane filtration processes. An analysis of possible solutions to this problem has led to the conclusion that the creation of special-purpose polymeric materials is often guided mainly by practical ideas. In the field of modifying traditional polymers by preparing multicomponent polymer systems, empirical research far exceeds the development of theory. However, only a well-developed theory, a scientifically based approach to the choice of component composition and the elucidation of patterns of change in the 8 properties of a composite material due to its internal organization will allow to obtain modified polymeric materials with improved, predetermined properties. Research object: polymerization of methacrylic esters (HEMA and HMA) in the medium of water and organic solvent (DMSO), the method of forming hydrogel membranes based on them in the presence of a combined PVA/PVP matrix. The subject of research: kinetic regularities of the initiated radical polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate in the presence of a combined matrix based on a mixture of PVA/PVP solutions; the influence of temperature and time parameters on the degree of monomer conversion; peculiarities of obtaining hydrogel films based on mecaryl esters (HEMA and GMA) in the presence of a combined PVA/PVP matrix; study of the deformation -strength and sorption-diffusion properties of synthesized hydrogel film membranes. The aim of the research: to develop the regularities of the formation of acrylate functionalized hydrogel membranes for biomedical purposes based on water -soluble polymer-monomer compositions with adjustable sorption-diffusion and physical-mechanical characteristics. The basis of the developed hydrogel films are liquid-crosslinked grafted copolymers based on a combined PVA/PVP matrix and meacrylate esters (HEMA and GMA). In the master’s qualification work, the method of obtaining hydrogel membranes on HEMA, GMA and a combined PVA/PVP matrix during polymerization in water -organic environments was developed. The influence of temperature, time, and concentration factors on the kinetics of the initiated polymerization of HEMA and GMA and the patterns of obtaining hydrogel membranes in the presence of a combined PVA/PVP matrix were investigated. Based on the kinetic researches, the optimal initiating systems based on hydropropylizobenzene and benzoyl peroxide and the optimal ratio of PVA/PVP mixture in the compositions and technological modes of forming hydrogel membranes based on HEMA and GMA in the presence of a combined PVA/PVP matrix were selected. A basic technological scheme is proposed and the optimal technological parameters for the formation of hydrogel membranes by casting from 9 solutions are selected. The main and additiona l equipment was selected, and the norms of the technological regime for the formation of hydrogel film membranes of increased strength were established. The main operational properties of the synthesized hydrogel membranes were determined. Their deformation-strength, sorption, and diffusion properties were determined. A techno-economic substantiation of the feasibility of manufacturing hydrogel membranes based on acrylic monomers (HEMA and GMA) in the presence of a combined PVA/PVP matrix was carried out, economic calculations were performed, and the cost estimate was determined. The main part of them include the costs of purchasing materials and depreciation, as well as employee labor costs. The master’s qualification work consists of an introduction, 4 cha pters, conclusions, a list of used sources and literature containing 75 titles, and appendices. The main content of the work is laid out on 88 pages of printed text, contains 20 figures and 19 tables.