Optimization of the idle conditions of water heating boilers of the PTVM and KVHM type in reserve
Students Name: Horban Oksana Volodymyrivna
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Heat and Power Engineering
Institute: Institute of Power Engineering and Control Systems
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2024-2025 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Horban O.V., Kravets T.Yu. (supervisor). Optimization of the idle conditions of water heating boilers of the PTVM and KVHM type in reserve. Master’s thesis. – Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2024. Extended abstract. Today, in the system of the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine, there are about 50 PTVM and KVHM type water heating boilers with high thermal efficiency, over 100 Gcal/h, in operation. Due to the specifics of use, they are operated for no more than 3-5 thousand hours per year [1]. For water heating boilers, in which the main mode of their operation is characterized by periodic operation or reserve status, the issue of optimizing idle conditions becomes particularly relevant. Accordingly, the study of the operation of water heating boilers and the optimization of their operation should relate both directly to the period of operation and to the period of being in reserve status. After the commissioning of water heating boilers, many studies have been conducted to increase the efficiency of their operation, which are ongoing. However, studies on optimizing the conditions of boilers being in reserve and the related corrosion processes and heat losses have not been conducted. In particular, specific issues of corrosion of heating surfaces and ecology had to be implemented on water-heating boilers, taking into account their design features and operating modes [2]. At present, the issue of determining and optimizing heat consumption during the presence of water-heating boilers in reserve, related to protection from corrosion of the heating surfaces of the circulation circuit from the inside and outside, has not been resolved. Therefore, there are no standards for optimizing the conditions for the presence of water-heating boilers in reserve, in terms of heat losses associated 11 with the protection of the heating surfaces of the boilers from corrosion and ensuring a high readiness coefficient for the next start-up. It follows that the optimization of the modes of being in reserve of waterheating boilers is an urgent problem of a complex nature and its solution will make a significant contribution to the optimization of one of the main sources of heat supply, taking into account no less urgent issues of energy saving [3]. Study object – processes of metal corrosion and protection of external heating surfaces of PTVM and KVHM water heating boilers during their downtime or in reserve. Scope of research – patterns and parameters for increasing the reliability and efficiency of operation of water heating boilers of the PTVM and KVHM type, while they are in reserve. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and develop measures to increase the efficiency of water heating boilers while in reserve. Briefly put research results. The first section analyzes the problems in the operation of water-heating boilers of the PTVM and KVHM type, which are in reserve. The design features of these boilers are presented and a review of measures to increase the efficiency and reliability of their operation during idle time is carried out. The second section is devoted to the analysis of corrosion processes and metal protection of external and internal heating surfaces during idle time of boilers. The influence of regime factors of boiler operation on corrosion processes is considered. Methods of protection against corrosion of heating surfaces are presented. The third section presents the results of a study on the optimization of idle conditions of water-heating boilers of the PTVM and KVHM type in reserve. The calculation of heat losses during idle time of these boilers in reserve is performed. The fourth section is devoted to methods for determining heat losses during idle time of boilers in reserve. 12 In the economic part of the work, the financial costs for the conservation of the internal heating surfaces of the KVHM-180 boiler, which operates on natural gas, were calculated. In the automation section, an automatic regulation of the process of protecting the external heating surfaces of the KVHM-180 water-heating boiler during standby is developed. A description of the contours of the automation scheme of the specified boiler is given and a specification of devices and means for its implementation is presented [4]. Keywords: water heating boiler, fuel, air, flue gases, conservation, operation, efficiency. References. 1. Omelyanovsky P., Mysak Y. Thermal energy - new challenges of the time. Lviv. Ukrainian Technologies Fund, 2009 - 660 p. 2. Glaubitz F. Die wirtschafliche Verbrennung von schwefelholfigen Heizol ein Mittel zur Vermeidung von Taupunktschwierigkeiten im Kesselbetrieb. Mitteilungen der VGB, 1960. -№68. -72p. 3. Generalization of the experience of implementing measures that increase the reliability of gas-oil boilers of the PTVM and KVGM type / Gut P.O., Korol A.Z., Potapov V.I. etc. // Technical report of Yuzhtechenergo. – Lviv: 1984, - 66 p. 4. Ornatskyi P.P. Automatic measurements and devices: Textbook for universities. - K.: Higher School, 1980. - 560 p.