Photovoltaic station for low-power electric vehicle charging
Students Name: Ohrebchuk Valerii Serhiiovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Electrical Energetics, Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics
Institute: Institute of Power Engineering and Control Systems
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2024-2025 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: This master’s thesis is dedicated to the development of a photovoltaic station for charging low-power electric vehicles. The work examines current approaches to energy supply for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) based on solar panels, which helps reduce reliance on traditional energy sources and ensure the stable development of charging infrastructure. The first chapter discusses the main aspects of using photovoltaic technologies for powering electric vehicle charging stations based on solar panels. Different types of solar cells are examined in detail, including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous silicon. Each type of solar cell has its own features, advantages, and limitations that determine its effectiveness for use in charging stations. The benefits of solar panels, particularly their ability to provide clean, renewable energy, make them an ideal solution for powering electric vehicle charging stations. Using solar panels allows for reduced electricity costs, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and improved energy efficiency. Thanks to the ongoing development of solar panel technologies and their integration into the infrastructure for charging electric vehicles, there is a growing opportunity for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply. This approach significantly reduces dependence on traditional energy sources, promoting the development of sustainable mobility and energy systems. In the second chapter, a detailed calculation of a solar power plant was carried out to provide energy for the electric charging station (EACS). During the work process, a number of factors that determine the efficiency of the photovoltaic system and its ability to provide stable energy supply were taken into account. The analysis of solar insolation data for 2023 allowed us to assess the potential of solar energy for each day depending on the geographical location of the EACS. The profile of electrical load for charging electric transport at the EACS was thoroughly examined to evaluate peak and average loads on the system at different times of the day and during different seasons. The analysis of the electrical load of consumers helped understand the variability in energy consumption based on the type and amount of electric transport being charged at the station, as well as other energy consumers. The calculation of solar energy falling on the surface of the EACS and the choice of the optimal angle for installing solar panels contributed to maximizing the use of available solar energy, which improved the system’s efficiency. The choice of inverter for the photovoltaic station was based on the power requirements and the efficiency of converting direct current to alternating current, which is necessary for charging electric transport. When determining the required capacity of the battery storage, the optimal number of batteries was calculated to ensure the EACS’s autonomy during periods of no sunlight, particularly at night or on cloudy days. The final stage of the calculations involved selecting the number of solar panels and optimizing their characteristics. The choice of polycrystalline photovoltaic cell (PVC) turned out to be the most economically viable solution due to a combination of affordable cost and good technical specifications. The third section focuses on ensuring the reliability of energy supply for the EVCS. It describes methods for energy storage, integration with other power sources and backup systems, as well as monitoring and management technologies that minimize the risks of power outages. The work provides a comprehensive solution for creating an effective and reliable photovoltaic charging station for transportation, contributing to the sustainable development of environmentally friendly transportation and reducing the negative impact of electricity on the environment. Object of research: processes of generation and consumption of electrical energy. Subject of research: photovoltaic stations. Purpose of research: the aim of the research is to justify the use of different types of solar panels. Main research tasks: - ensuring autonomous power supply for the gas station in the city of Varash, Rivne region; - calculating the solar power station; The economic effect lies in the potential to reduce costs for purchasing electricity from the grid due to the energy produced by the solar power station. The social effect – the use of solar power stations helps to improve the environmental situation and ensures autonomous energy supply. Keywords: solar panel, gas station, electricity consumption, solar energy.