Improvement of transportation organization on tram route №4 in Lviv considering traffic features
Students Name: Paziuk Marian Liubomyrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Cargo and Transport Management
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2024-2025 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Trams are very efficient users of road space in cities. The rationale for traffic management on tram routes is to prioritize efficient vehicles such as trams over private cars. The introduction of a tram line in a dense urban environment is vital for the functioning of urban areas. Although the number of accidents involving trams is relatively very limited in relation to the total number of road traffic accidents, the consequences of tram accidents are very serious, especially when pedestrians are involved. Improving the organization of transportation on a tram route requires new power supply technologies, such as systems without a contact network [1]. Creating the right conditions for the stable operation of the street and road network is a key task to improve its transport and operational characteristics. The main requirements for the operation of traffic management systems in cities are to minimize time, economic and material costs, increase safety for road users and ensure comfort and convenience while traveling. However, the constant growth of traffic intensity and congestion of the urban network significantly affect its efficiency [2]. Sustainable urban planning is a chance to improve, or at least not worsen, the quality of life in a metropolis, where streets crowded with cars make cities less attractive not only to residents but also to visitors and investors. Time is lost, and congestion causes a lot of time loss, as well as environmental problems with higher emissions and noise. Achieving sustainable urban growth requires full coordination of transport policy and public transport spatial planning [3]. The main groups of measures to stimulate sustainable urban development are: urban development along the main urban transport corridors with main roads, improving the quality of service and multifunctionality of the use of the city’s territory, and limiting the use of cars in the central part of cities. In order to reduce the impact of the tram fleet on other road users, the capacity of city streets should be increased, which will help to avoid queues on street sections and unfavorable driver behavior at intersections and public transport stops [4]. Establishing an effective timetable is necessary to ensure better management of the tram fleet and sustainable mobility of city residents. This solution cannot be realized without a balance between the supply of trams (capacity or number of trams offered) and passenger demand. To improve the functioning of urban public transport, it is necessary to use smart transport systems, which are becoming increasingly important in a changing environment, especially in light of the high level of development of information technology and an extremely dynamic environment, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or the effects of military operations. Smart transportation systems use technology to improve the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of transportation networks [5]. To improve traffic management on tram routes, a wide range of technologies such as sensors, data analytics, artificial intelligence, and communication networks should be incorporated instead of traditional approaches. This will create a reliable transport that will allow assessing the level of safety of passenger transport by taking into account the peculiarities of passenger transport in terms of traffic flow characteristics. In this paper, we conducted a field study of passenger flows along the entire length of the route in both directions, analyzed existing public transport stops and the main points of passenger generation along the route. The most difficult sections of the street network that affect the duration of tram traffic and the general schedule of traffic on the route during different periods of operation are identified. The analysis of traffic conditions on the route indicates that with the approach to the central part of the city, the duration of the movement increases and the speed of passenger traffic significantly decreases, which is due to the high traffic intensity on the network and the fact that tram cars move in the general traffic flow. Research Object – there is a city street network of tram route No. 4. Research Subject – studying the traffic conditions and peculiarities of tram traffic on route 4. Research Objective – studying the speed of communication and the duration of tram cars on the route. As a result of the research and established traffic conditions on the route, sections and approaches to the intersection were identified that cause significant traffic delays, especially in the central part of the city. Keywords – trams, street network, traffic flow, speed, traffic conditions. References 1. Khelf, M. & Boukebbab, S. The effect of vibration inside the Constantine’s tramway on the comfort of passengers. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference Vibroengineering. Istanbul, Turkey. 2016. P. 33-38. 2. Christian, M.M. & Kupferschmid, J. & Schwertner, M. & et al. Tram Safety in Mixed Traffc. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2016. No. 2540. P. 125-137. 3. Farooq, D. & Moslem, S. Evaluation and Ranking of Driver Behavior Factors Related to Road Safety by Applying Analytic Network Process. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering. 2020. Vol. 48. No. 2. P. 189-195. 4. Roy, R., Saha, P. Analysis of vehicle-type-specific headways on two-lane roads with mixed traffic (2020) Transport, 35 (6), pp. 588-604 5. Traffic flow dynamics: Data, models and simulation. (2013) Traffic Flow Dynamics: Data, Models and Simulation, pp. 1-503.