Analysis of the impact of public transport stops on traffic flow delays
Students Name: Polianchykova Valeriia
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Cargo and Transport Management
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2024-2025 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: The transition to a market economy has led to significant changes in the structure of passenger transportation, which over time have adapted to new economic conditions. In particular, public transport has become the main means of transportation, which has led to a number of significant changes in the transport system [1–2]: – an increase in the variety of vehicles used for transportation, due to the emergence of new types of buses, trolleybuses and minibuses of various capacities; – the formation of new routes with a high frequency of movement, due to the use of buses of various sizes, which allows for more efficient transportation of passengers at different times of the day; – an increase in the number of routes, which, in turn, has caused the permitted traffic intensity to be exceeded on certain sections of the street and road network. This overload does not comply with urban planning standards and safety requirements, which leads to a deterioration in the situation on the roads; – violation of established transport schedules due to disorganization on some routes and even refusal of the dispatching system, which significantly complicates traffic management and coordination between different modes of transport. One of the most pressing problems is the organization of public transport traffic at stops, since often the capacity of these places does not correspond to the volume of transport serving the routes. This leads to the accumulation of vehicles, which in turn creates delays not only at the stops themselves, but also on adjacent sections of the road [3-4]. As a result of such traffic jams, it is difficult to move on time, which especially affects the speed of public transport, and also creates additional difficulties for private cars and pedestrians. Low capacity at public transport stops causes serious problems in the movement of traffic flows on the main streets of the city. Vehicles parked at stops occupy part of the carriageway, which significantly complicates the movement of other cars, increases congestion and delays. This also affects the overall efficiency of the city’s transport system, as it creates a range of negative phenomena: disruption of traffic schedules, increased travel time and reduced overall road network capacity [5]. Study object – public transport stops on main streets. Scope ofresearch – regularities of vehicle delay formation in the area of public transport stops. Goal of research: determining the patterns of the impact of public transport stops on vehicle delays. To study delays at public transport stops, Horodotska St. in Lviv was selected, which is characterized by high traffic load. The analysis was carried out on five different types of stops: a bus-tram stop located next to the roadway, a bus-trolleybus stop located in an entry ?pocket?, a stop on a separate lane, a combined bus and tram stop near the roadway, and a tram stop located directly next to the roadway. This made it possible to assess the impact of different types of stops on the occurrence of traffic delays and to develop recommendations for optimizing traffic in order to reduce congestion and improve throughput on this section of the street and road network. It was found that with an increase in the load on the roadway, the delay of transport at the selected stops also increases. For example, at a public transport stop located on a separate lane, the delay is 9,8 s/vehicle. at a load level of the street and road network of 0,5. For a combined bus and tram stop, this indicator is 19,3 s/car, and for a bus and tram stop – 16,4 s/car. This indicates a significant impact of the location of the stop on the level of delays in the traffic flow, which increases with increasing traffic intensity. Within the limits of the public transport stop, a significant decrease in the speed of vehicles is observed. At most of the selected study sites, such as bus and tram stops and stops on separate traffic lanes, the speed of the traffic flow decreases to 10–30 km/h, which indicates a significant impact of the stops on the overall capacity of the road section. The greatest decrease in speed was recorded at combined bus and trolleybus stops, where traffic slows down to 5–10 km/h. This speed reduction is due to the need for stops for boarding and alighting passengers, which significantly slows down the traffic flow and creates additional delays for other road users. Keywords - public transport stop, traffic delays, stop capacity, simulation modeling, speed. References. 1. Dolia, V. K. (2011). Pasazhyrski perevezennia. Kharkiv, 504. 2. Vasylenko, T.Ie., Fesenko, D.V., Dulniavka, O.I. (2009). Doslidzhennia rozpodilu chasu ochikuvannia pasazhyramy na avtobusy na sumisnii diliantsi marshrutiv. Visti Avtomobilno-dorozhnoho instytutu, 206 – 214. 3. Aulin, V. V., & Holub, D. V. (2011). Udoskonalennia roboty miskoho pasazhyrskoho transportu vprovadzhenniam tsentralnoi dyspetcherskoi systemy. Lypenkov, A.V., Kuzmyn, N.A. (2015). 4. Vinychenko, V. S., & Tarasiuk, I. Yu. (2011). Analiz faktoriv i umov, yaki vplyvaiut na yakist pasazhyrskykh perevezen na miskomu pasazhyrskomu transporti. Kommunalnoe khoziaistvo horodov, (99), 369-374. 5. Zhuk, M.M., Pivtorak, H.V. Otsinka tryvalosti posadky-vysadky pasazhyriv na zupyntsi hromadskoho transportu v zalezhnosti vid kilkosti marshrutiv. Naukovyi zhurnal «Suchasni tekhnolohii v mashynobuduvanni ta transporti». Lutsk, 73 – 77.