Analysis of traffic conditions on bus route №45 in Lviv based on connection speed study results
Students Name: Shendyruk Yurii Oleksandrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Cargo and Transport Management
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2024-2025 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: The constant change between the indicators of transport flows causes a change in the productivity of rolling stock, including urban public transport. Idling of buses in traffic jams also reduces the attractiveness of this method of movement in the city. Based on this, an important task is to conduct comprehensive research to determine the indicators of movement, passenger flows, directions and methods of movement of residents. This task is implemented by developing methods and techniques for studying patterns in transport systems. This task is relevant for any modern city and has specific features related to the planning of this city, approaches to urban development. For the city of Lviv, which has a significant territory with historical buildings, as well as different-sized transport districts and functional zones that developed in different centuries and with different approaches to urban development, regulating the movement of transport flows is a rather complex task. If new transport areas are characterized by a wide carriageway with sufficient capacity, which is able to provide high mobility indicators for different modes of transport, then the central part of the city does not have such features. Here there is a need to provide convenient and mass pedestrian movement, as well as movement by urban public transport. Along with this, it is extremely difficult to find streets with sufficient capacity, including due to the impact of parking. Urban public transport in cities such as Lviv should have priority in traffic on the absolute majority of routes. This is almost the only way to get rid of large traffic jams. This approach to planning and organizing street space also corresponds to modern approaches to urban planning. In the works [1–3], modern approaches to urban planning, street space planning and balanced distribution of capacity between different modes of transport in urban areas are analyzed, based on the experience of European cities. There, in the middle of the 20th century, theoretical research and good engineering practices regarding the transition from car-centric transport planning to human-centric ones gained popularity. Later, this was formed into approaches to sustainable development of urban areas, which are based on the use of environmentally friendly modes of transport, renewable energy sources, reducing costs for motorized travel, etc. In the works [4–6], transformations in the domestic scientific and engineering community regarding the transition from car-centric models of transport planning to human-centric ones are noticeable, but taking into account various local features inherent in modern Ukrainian cities. Here, a balanced distribution of travel priorities is proposed, based on urban planning practices of territories that arose and were implemented in different periods of the existence of cities. When studying the efficiency of urban public transport, it is important to pay attention to the following indicators [4–6]: traffic flow intensity and its composition in percentage terms; the generation value of the number of residents who travel from different transport areas in different ways, as well as the patterns of changes in these movements, based on their regularity; the capacity of the street and road network; the carrying capacity of the urban public transport route network, etc. System analysis shows a significant correlation between these indicators and factors. In addition, they are significantly influenced by weather conditions, traffic flow management conditions, the location of city-wide and district centers of attraction of residents, as well as the specifics of the location of functional zones. In this master’s thesis, a study of the operating mode of bus route No. 45 in the city of Lviv was conducted, which consisted in studying the timetables, compliance with these timetables by buses depending on the time of day, determining the productivity of rolling stock and driver work schedules. Along with this, significant weight is given to traffic safety indicators on the route and the condition of the roadway, as well as to identifying places where it is appropriate to introduce spatial prioritization, based on the amount of traffic delay on the route. The object of the study is the public transport route. The subject of the study is the rolling stock indicators and the factors that influence them. Research methods: – documentary study – when determining the speed of communication on sections of the bus route on weekdays and weekends; – field studies – when measuring the size of the passenger flow on sections of the route; – system analysis – when assessing traffic safety conditions, the influence of various factors on the traffic regime, which is determined by the speed of communication, as well as identifying places where it is advisable to implement spatial prioritization of urban public transport. The purpose of the work is to develop recommendations for compliance with bus schedules on the urban public transport route, based on the criterion of reducing traffic delays. To achieve the goal set in this master’s qualification work, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1. Conduct a study of traffic safety conditions on bus route No. 45, as well as the features of transport planning and zoning. 2. Analyze the mobility indicators of residents and the factors that influence them. 3. Conduct documentary research to study the arrival time of buses at urban public transport stops on weekdays and weekends in order to establish the degree of influence of the intensity of the general traffic flow on the traffic regime. 4. Identify critical sections of the route where the speed of communication is the lowest and delays in the movement of rolling stock are the greatest. 5. Make recommendations for the development of the public transport network, based on the features of bus route No. 45. Keywords: urban public transport, bus route, traffic intensity, speed of communication, composition of the traffic flow, spatial prioritization, traffic delay, transport research. References 1. Norbert, N. Oppenheim Urban Travel Demand Modeling (1995) / Oppenheim Norbert.– John Wiley and Sons. Hoboken, New Jersey, USA. 2. 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