Analysis of the results of observation of deformations of hydraulic structures of Inguletsk Mining and Processing Plant PJSC
Students Name: Harbadyn Olha
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Geodesy
Institute: Institute of Geodesy
Mode of Study: part
Academic Year: 2020-2021 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Harbadyn Olha Yaroslavivna Korduba Yu.G. (supervisor). Analysis of the results of observation of deformations of hydraulic structures of Inguletsk Mining and Processing Plant PJSC. Master’s qualification work. – Lviv polytechnic national university, Lviv, 2020. Extended annotation In this paper the analysis of methods of construction and definition of deformations of hydraulic structures is considered; research, substantiation and forecasting of deformation processes in urban areas; the approbation of the method of geodetic support of the construction of hydraulic structures on the basis of satellite technologies was performed. The object of research – waterworks. Subject of study - methods of observations of deformations of hydraulic structures. The aim of the study. The main purpose of the work is to study the geodetic support of the construction of hydraulic structures based on satellite technologies and to consider methods for observing the deformations of hydraulic structures. Research results. The study of the movements of the earth’s surface is of great importance for solving theoretical and practical problems of geodesy. The main relief-forming processes in the study area are the processes of water erosion and accumulation. The Kryvyi Rih region is well studied in geomorphological, geological and geophysical terms. It has a state leveling network of the II class, tied to the points of the Black and Azov seas (Mariupol, Osipenko, Odessa, Sevastopol, Genichesk), a dense network of points of the state triangulation of 1, 2, 3 classes and a qualitative topographic basis in scales 1: 10000 - 1 : 100000. The growth of man-made impact on the environment against the background of natural deformations of the earth’s crust, including increasing loads from buildings and structures in dense urban development, active development of underground space and areas with complex engineering and geological conditions forms man-made overloaded areas in large cities (Bondar, O. I. ta inshi, 2014). This negatively affects the points of the state geodetic network and leads to a decrease in the reliability of the results of geodetic works. Ensuring the reliability of points of the state geodetic network as a basis for the creation of local observation stations for geomonitoring of engineering facilities in heavily man-caused urban areas and solving geodetic and cadastral problems is an urgent scientific task today. Solving this problem requires the introduction, along with the accuracy of measurements, of the reliability of geodetic points and the regulation of the relevant tolerances. Development of scientific bases for assessing the reliability of reference points of the geodetic network allows to obtain reliable data of geodetic monitoring, which forms the current direction of modern research in geodesy. For continuous monitoring of landslides and deformations of the earth’s surface, it is advisable to use GNSS satellite geodetic complexes, as they also have a number of advantages over traditional geodetic methods (Dolhikh, L. V. ta inshi, 2006). First, geodetic observations using GNSS equipment can be done at different times of the day, in any weather, in the absence of direct optical visibility between the benchmarks. Secondly, the monitoring of displacements and deformations can be performed without the direct presence of the operator, as in this case digital technologies are used, and the devices work in automatic mode. Third, as a result of monitoring at a pre-set time, all three coordinates of the standing point of the device are determined simultaneously. In the case of monitoring by three GNSS receivers, rigid spatial geometric connections are formed with other benchmarks of the monitoring GPS grid, in which measurements are made (Malashevskyi et al., 2017). Therefore, the purpose of monitoring the deformation of special hydraulic structures is to develop and implement anti-accident measures as soon as possible, which will be aimed at increasing the stability of hydraulic structures. For practical research, the tailings of PJSC "INGZK" located in the Ingulets district of Kryvyi Rih was chosen (Korolenko, M. K., & Perehudov, V. V., 2013). The project envisages the creation of a tank for storage of tailings by building enclosing dams from the marks of 132.5 m / 147.5 m. The fencing dam is built of tails, which are fixed on the top slope by a rock opening. A transition layer is provided along the lower slope, which consists of a small rock opening. The width of the dam along the ridge is 8.2 m (Ohloblia, O. I., & Dziundzia, T. V.,2015). In the comparative analysis of the requirements of Ukraine and international standards, it was determined that the fundamental approach to risk assessment in the event of a break in the dam is a hypothetical assumption of the possibility of breaking the dam and determining flood zones. The current building codes of Ukraine in the field of design of pressure hydraulic structures and their foundations regulate in sufficient detail the qualitative and quantitative composition of the calculations required for the development of reliable and technical solutions. Comparing the Ukrainian norms and recommendations of ICOLD, we can note much in common in the approaches and methods in terms of recommended calculations. Keywords: deformation, geodetic works, deformation processes, geodetic monitoring, GNSS-receivers References: Bondar, O. I., Mykhailenko, L. Ye., Vashchenko, V. M., & Lapshyn, Yu. S. (2014). Suchasni problemy hidrotekhnichnykh sporud v Ukraini. Visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii nauk Ukrainy, (2), 40-47.. Dolhikh, L. V., Dolhikh, O. V., & Maletskyi, M. M. (2006). Suchasni metody znimalnykh robit na karierakh. Visnyk KTU.–Kryvyi Rih: KTU, 48-51. Korolenko, M. K., & Perehudov, V. V. (2013). Suchacnyi stan i problemy hirnychodobuvnoho kompleksu Kryvorizkoho zalizorudnoho baseinu. Metallurhycheskaia y hornorudnaia promыshlennost, (6), 1-4. Ohloblia, O. I., & Dziundzia, T. V. (2015). Proektuvannia khvostoskhovyshch hirnycho-zbahachuvalnykh kombinativ Ukrainy u vidpovidnosti do vymoh mizhnarodnykh standartiv. Promyslove budivnytstvo ta inzhenerni sporudy, (4), 2-6. Malashevskyi, M., Kuzin, N., Palamar, A., & Malanchuk, M. (2017). The Problems Of Spatial Ordering And Taxation Of Agricultural Lands. Geodesy and Cartography, 43(4), 166-172. doi:10.3846/20296991.2017.1412634