Thermal resistance of automobile wires to electric current
Students Name: Svintalskyi Ivan Volodymyrovych
Qualification Level: magister
Speciality: Motor Vehicle Transport
Institute: Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Transport
Mode of Study: full
Academic Year: 2022-2023 н.р.
Language of Defence: ukrainian
Abstract: Due to its specificity, the automotive on-board electrical network has always been a source of increased fire danger. Therefore, conducting research on the stability of such a network in terms of thermal loads is extremely important and will help to improve the fire safety of using the car as a whole. For such a study, first of all, it is necessary to analyze all the factors that can lead to such a fire (short circuits). It is necessary to analyze the features of these short circuits that occur in automotive wiring, depending on the cross-sectional area or the length of the wire used. If the length of the wire is short (less than a certain value), then an electric arc may form in the event of a short circuit, which in turn leads to fusion and fire. In the opposite case, with a significant length (greater than a certain limit), long-term heating and melting of the wire insulation will occur. It was also established that the nature of wire heating at characteristic points and its intensity depend on the resistance of the wire, and will increase as the ratio between the cross-sectional area of the wire and its length increases. When a short circuit is formed, first of all, before the melting of the insulation, there is a decrease in the resistance of the wires. As a consequence of this, we can note that when designing or repairing the car’s on-board network, you should not use wires with a large margin of current load above the nominal one. When short-circuiting wires with low resistance, their cross-section increases with temperature, which leads to the occurrence of fires. The object of the study is the car’s electrical network system. The subject of the research is the study of the characteristics of short circuits in the on-board network of motor vehicles and their impact on the fire safety of the car as a whole. The purpose of the research is to increase the fire safety of the car. This work presents general information about short-circuit currents in car on-board networks, the reasons and nature of their occurrence. The basic principles of fire safety formation in road transport were analyzed, and the statistics of fire occurrences were reviewed. The work reflects both the theoretical aspects of fire safety regulations and their practical application to reduce the number of fires that occur. The issue of fire safety in all sources is marked by maximum relevance and popularity. At this stage, they are still not sufficiently studied. Key words: motor vehicle, car fire, fire safety, short circuit, electric network, electric wires. List of used literary sources: 1. N. N. Brushlinskyi World fire statistics at the beginning of the 21st century / N. N. Brushlynskyi, S. V. Sokolov // Fire safety. - M.: 2005. 2. Hasanov R. Kh.On improving the fire safety of cars / R. Kh. Khasanov, E. S. Sidorin // Bulletin of the Orenburg State University. university - Orenburg, 2011, No. 10 (129). - S. 70 - 75. 3. Zabirov A. S. Fire danger of short circuits. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1987. -104 p. 4. Iskhakov Kh. I. Fire safety of vehicles / Kh. I. Iskhakov, A. V. Pakhomov, Ya. N. Kaminsky. - M.: Transport, 1987. - 87 p. 5. Electrical Engineering / V. G. Gerasimov, Kh. E. Zaidel, V. V. Kogen-Dalin, et al. Ed. V. G. Gerasimova. - M .: Higher. school, 1983. - 480 p.