Аналіз комплексного технологічного процесу обробки води в теплоенергетиці
Автор: Рудюк Віталій Васильович
Кваліфікаційний рівень: магістр
Спеціальність: Теплоенергетика
Інститут: Інститут енергетики та систем керування
Форма навчання: заочна
Навчальний рік: 2021-2022 н.р.
Мова захисту: українська
Анотація: Kondratyuk V.M., Lys S.S. (head). Project of the CPP boiler unit for work on natural gas and fuel oil. Master’s thesis. - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 2021. In the conditions of market relations and improvement of a financial condition of the industry the management of the country accepted the program of sharp growth of economy that in turn will lead to increase in consumption of electric and thermal energy. Thus, the development of the country’s economy largely depends on the state of energy. The realities of the state of energy are such that over forty years of operation has about forty-five percent of installed equipment. Boiler equipment at thermal power plants, including large industrial enterprises that have exhausted their estimated service life must be dismantled and replaced by boilers with regulatory indicators of reliability, efficiency, ecology. Every year, work on gas supply to cities is unfolding. Gas supply to enterprises and the transfer of a significant number of energy steam boilers to gaseous fuel are being carried out on an ever-increasing scale. The use of flammable gases in power plants is better due to a number of circumstances. At gas-oil power plants in comparison with coal there is a reduction of capital investments to about 20%, increase of efficiency of power plants by 3 - 4% coal, so the consumption of natural gas for the same heat load will be much less than coal, preparation for burning coal with energy costs is much higher than gas), reducing environmental pollution, increasing the overall culture of operation. Natural gas production in Ukraine is also growing steadily, so the use of gas as a fuel for CHPs and CPP is the most profitable. Electricity is currently generated mainly at thermal power plants equipped with steam boilers. Switching from coal to gaseous fuel causes significant changes in the operation of the boiler. Significantly changes the thermal mode of operation of the furnace and the entire boiler unit. Heat transfer conditions in the furnace affect the efficiency of the boiler and the reliability of the screen heating surfaces. To increase the reliability of the boiler elements, and hence the entire boiler installation, given that most boilers have developed their resource, there is a need to design new boilers directly for gas combustion. The object of research is the boiler unit of CPP. The subject of research is the design of the boiler unit CPP for work on natural gas and fuel oil. The purpose and objectives of research. The purpose of the work is to develop a project of the boiler unit CPP for work on natural gas and fuel oil. To achieve this goal it was necessary to perform the following tasks: - to substantiate the efficiency of the steam boiler; - to carry out design thermal calculation of a copper for work on gas; - calculate harmful emissions; - to calculate the technical and economic indicators of the boiler. In the master’s qualification work, a project of a gas-oil steam boiler for CPP was developed instead of TП-230 boilers for natural gas operation. Thermal design calculation was performed, as a result of which all heat-perceiving and geometric dimensions of boiler elements were determined. Using a computer, a test thermal calculation was performed to work on fuel oil. The calculation of the boiler, which showed that the blast machines cope with the given load and can be left unchanged, as well as the strength of the boiler elements operating under pressure, in which materials were selected for the production of heating surfaces and wall thicknesses of pipes and collectors. In the calculation of harmful emissions into the atmosphere it was found that their value is within the allowable range. The scheme of automatic control of combustion process is developed. Issues of ensuring safe operation of the boiler were raised. Based on the calculation of technical and economic indicators of the boiler, we can conclude about the feasibility of designing boilers running on gas and fuel oil. Keywords: boiler unit, condensing power plant, coal, low pressure cylinder, condenser, design.