The Theory of Development and Termination of Combustion

Major: Fire Safety
Code of subject: 6.261.00.O.031
Credits: 7.00
Department: Physical, Analytical and General Chemistry
Lecturer: assistant professor Oliynyk Lilianna P.
Semester: 6 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Мета вивчення дисципліни: The theory of development and termination of combustion - this course, like other general theoretical disciplines, should perform functions related to the assimilation of the laws of nature, the formation of general educational and special skills for use in this specialty. In particular, the ability to operate with the characteristics of combustible substances and materials, to understand the mechanism of combustion and explosion processes, circumstances, actions and processes that cause fire and its development. Organize supervision (control) over the implementation of fire safety requirements, justification of measures aimed at eliminating violations, strengthening fire protection. Identify and eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to the occurrence and spread of fire in (from) electrical installations.
Завдання: Skills to carry out safe activities. К10. Striving to preserve the environment - use methods of logical thinking (analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization, etc;) - observe and explain chemical phenomena occurring in nature, in the laboratory, at work and in everyday life; - independently replenish, systematize and apply knowledge; professional competencies: К14. Ability to operate with the characteristics of combustible substances and materials, to understand the mechanism of combustion and explosion, circumstances, actions and processes that cause fire and its development. К15. Ability to organize supervision (control) over the implementation of fire safety requirements, justification of measures aimed at eliminating violations, strengthening fire protection. К20. Ability to identify and eliminate the causes and conditions that contribute to the occurrence and spread of fire in (from) electrical installations.
Learning outcomes: • know the theoretical foundations of oxidation, resulting in fire; • patterns of combustion gas - air mixtures, liquids and solid combustible materials, organic and inorganic origin; • classification of combustible materials, classification of fires and stage of development, the general principles of deterrence burning and extinguishing agents; • be able to calculate the volume of air for combustion, composition and volume of the combustion products; concentration limits the spread of flame, heat of reaction, heat of combustion, the temperature of combustion and explosion, temperature limits the spread of flame and liquids flashpoint and ignition, the minimum concentration of phlegmatizer to stop burning; • Identify the area, perimeter and front fire; • assess the fire hazard of substances and materials.
Required prior and related subjects: Higher mathematics; General Physics; Chemistry.
Summary of the subject: Understanding combustion processes, like oxidation-reduction reactions. The products of combustion. Material and heat balance of combustion processes. Mechanisms of combustion and termination. Heat and fire chain substances. Patterns of burning gas and vapor-air mixtures, liquids, solid combustible materials and dusty mixtures. The development of the fire and its parameters. Peculiarities of fire depending on specific conditions. Mechanisms of action of prevention and fire extinguishing.
Опис: Basic concepts. Combustion. Fire, fire danger, fire hazard. Combustible and non-combustible substances. Assessment of fire hazard of substances and materials. The essence of the combustion process. Combustion as a redox process. Conditions of occurrence and termination of combustion. Combustible systems. Types of combustion processes. Kinetic and diffusion combustion. Laminar and turbulent flames. Material balance of the combustion process. Drawing up chemical equations of the combustion process. Calculation of the amount of air consumed during the combustion of substances. The coefficient of excess air. Poor and rich combustible mixtures. Products of combustion. Properties and characteristics of products of complete and incomplete combustion. Smoke. Calculation of the amount and composition of combustion products in conditions of complete combustion. Heat of combustion of substances. Higher and lower heat of combustion. Calculation of the calorific value of individual substances and their mixtures. Actual, theoretical and colorimetric combustion temperature. Experimental determination of the combustion temperature. Calculation of calorimetric combustion temperature. “The emergence of the combustion process” Peroxide theory of combustion and its modern interpretation. Chain reactions. Branched and unbranched chain processes. Inhibitors of chain processes.Theory of spontaneous combustion. Self-ignition temperature. Spontaneous combustion of combustible systems. Spontaneous combustion of oils. Chemical spontaneous combustion. Forced ignition of combustible systems. “Features of combustion of gas-air mixtures, liquids and solid materials”. Combustion of liquids. Combustion of solids and dust-air mixtures. Classification of dust by explosive fire hazard. Classification of fires. Fire dynamics, stages of its development. Fire and phenomena that accompany it. Determination of the area of fire. Determination of the fire perimeter. Determination of the fire front. The mechanism of combustion termination. Fire extinguishing agents.
Assessment methods and criteria: • written reports on laboratory work, oral examination, rozvyazuvannya problems (30%) • final control (70% control measure, exam), written-oral form (70%)
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: Written and oral control - 20 points. Defense of laboratory work - 10 points. Examination control - 70 points
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100-88 points - (“excellent”) is assigned for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literature sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena studied in their interconnection and development, clearly, concisely, logically, consistently answer the questions posed, the ability to apply theoretical provisions in solving practical problems; 87-71 points - (“good”) is assigned for a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions posed, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, for the ability to apply theoretical provisions in solving practical problems; 70 - 50 points - (“satisfactory”) is assigned for poor knowledge of the educational material of the component, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for poor application of theoretical provisions in solving practical problems; 49-26 points - (“not certified” with the possibility of retaking the semester control) is assigned for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions in solving practical problems; 25-00
Recommended books: 1. GI Yelagin, MG Shkarabura, MA Crystal, ON Tishchenko. Basic theory of combustion and suspension - Cherkasy: CHIPB, 2001 - 448p. 2. AI Prokofiev, BG Demchyna, TN Shnal and others. Guide to the foundations of the theory of combustion. Lviv NU "LP", 2002. 3. Elagin GI Basic theory of combustion and termination. Collection of problems and exercises. - Cherkasy: CHIPB, 2001. - 63 p. 4. Elagin GI Basic theory of combustion and termination. Proceedings of labs. - Cherkasy: CHIPB, 2001. - 63 p.
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