Technologies of Waste Utilization in the Construction

Major: Building Constructions, Products and Materials Technologies
Code of subject: 7.192.04.M.016
Credits: 5.00
Department: Building Production
Lecturer: Professor Sanytskyy M.A. Professor Kropyvnytska T.P.
Semester: 2 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Мета вивчення дисципліни: Acquaintance of students with the basic provisions regarding waste disposal technologies in construction, development of zero-waste and low-waste technologies; prospects of recycling and application of construction waste for concrete and precast concrete structures
Завдання: INT. The ability to solve complex engineering, technical and scientific research problems during professional activity in the field of construction and architecture, which involves the ability to perform a technical and economic comparison of alternative solutions, the application of modern methods of field studies of building load-bearing and enclosing structures, the use of energy-saving technologies . SK01. Ability to integrate knowledge from other disciplines and specialized conceptual knowledge in construction and civil engineering, combined with compliance with applicable regulations, to solve complex problems in broad or multidisciplinary contexts. SCP 2.3. The ability to determine the territorial organization and assess the resource potential of the territories regarding the state and prospects for the implementation and introduction of modern services in the field of urban construction and economy.
Learning outcomes: PH08. Select modern materials, technologies and methods of construction work, taking into account the architectural and planning, constructive part of the project and the production base of the construction organization. PH09. Collect the necessary information using scientific and technical literature, databases and other sources, analyze and evaluate it RNS 1.1. Apply the acquired knowledge and understanding to identify, formulate and solve the problems of the development of the urban economy using known and latest methods RNS 1.2. Apply knowledge to solve typical problems of synthesis and analysis in the maintenance systems of urban buildings ЗН2. Critical understanding of problems in the field and at the border of the fields of knowledge AiV 2. Responsibility for the contribution to professional knowledge and practice and/or evaluation of the results of the activities of teams and collectives.
Required prior and related subjects: Production base of construction Energy- and resource-saving technologies in construction Construction materials science Scientific research in construction
Summary of the subject: The concept of waste disposal technologies in construction in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and the legislation of Ukraine and the modern strategy of waste management are considered. The main tasks for solving the problem of waste disposal in Ukraine have been determined. The main provisions of the waste management system and ways of municipal waste regeneration are shown. Alternative fuels based on solid household waste and their thermal utilization in the cement industry are considered. Prospects for the use of construction waste in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered.
Опис: The concept of sustainable development. Classification of waste. Ways to reduce environmental pollution. Eco-technologies, low-waste and zero-waste technologies. State and development of eco-technologies in Ukraine. Waste and pollution. Classification of waste. Sources and types of technogenic pollution. Law of Ukraine "On Waste". Obtaining materials and energy from waste. Energy efficiency. Criteria for evaluating the utilization of secondary materials. Economic advantages of using secondary materials. Accounting, rationing and forecasting of waste generation. The prospect of processing waste into building materials. New generation products and materials. The influence of waste on the composition and structure of the obtained building materials. Techniques and technologies for minimizing the amount of waste and its disposal. Categories of danger of enterprises. Global monitoring system. Modular municipal waste segregation station (MSSKV). Recycling of secondary materials. Cogeneration plants. Technological properties of municipal waste. The purpose of researching waste properties. Physical and fuel properties. Accumulation indicators. Disposal and industrial use of waste. Methods of disposal and disposal of waste. Mechanical processing of solid waste. Classification of waste Mechanical disposal of waste. Incineration of waste. Pyrolysis and gasification. Methods of capturing dust and gases. Treatment of waste depending on its hazard. Disposal of solid waste in the cement industry. Types of fuel based on waste. Calorific value of MSW. Features of solid waste burning in cement kilns. Modern approaches to obtaining biogas. Designing landfills from organic waste for biogas production. Design features of biogas plants. Modern technologies for disposal of sewage sludge. Criteria and factors that determine the quality of waste. Classification of waste. Physico-mechanical methods of researching sewage sludge. Physical and technical characteristics of sewage sludge. Methods of disposal of sewage sludge. Disposal of fuel and energy industry waste. Classification of waste from the energy industry of Ukraine. Prospects for the use of waste in the production of light aggregates, concrete, and road materials.
Assessment methods and criteria: Evaluation of the student's current control is carried out based on the result of preparation and writing of a scientific essay and successful defense of laboratory work. The form of semester control is credit.
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: Written component - 50 points Oral component - 20 points Current control - 30 points
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100–88 points – (“excellent”) is awarded for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literary sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena being studied in their interrelationship and development, clearly, succinctly, logically, consistently answer the questions, the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 87–71 points – (“good”) is awarded for a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions posed, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, for the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical tasks; 70 – 50 points – (“satisfactory”) awarded for weak knowledge of the component’s educational material, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 49-26 points - ("not certified" with the possibility of retaking the semester control) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 25-00 points - ("unsatisfactory" with mandatory re-study) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to navigate when solving practical problems, ignorance of the main fundamental provisions.
Recommended books: 1. Електронний навчальний комплекс https://vns.lpnu.ua/course/view.php?id=5611 2. Закон України "Про відходи" (Відомості Верховної Ради України (ВВР), 1998, № 36-37, ст.242), поточна редакція від 16.10.2020, підстава - 124-IX. 3. Стан сфери поводження з побутовими відходами в Україні за 2020 рік. Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. 4. Офіційний сайт Енергетика України [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: http://www.uaenergy.com.ua/index.php/2019/09/musornyiy-gaz/ 5. Findeisen C. Biogas – trends on the German and the international market / German Biogas Association. 2019. URL: https://www.eclareon.com/sites/default/files/clemens_findei-sen_-_biogas_-_trends_on_the _german_and_international_market.pdf 6. Закон України «Про альтернативні види палива» від 14 січня 2000 р. Відомості Верховної Ради України (ВВР), 2000. № 1391-XIV (ст. 1). 7. Використання золошлакових продуктів і гірничої породи в дорожньому будівництві. Досвід і можливості для України, ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКА БІЗНЕС АСОЦІАЦІЯ, 2020 р. 8. Кривенко П.В., Пушкарева Е.К., Гоц В.И., Ковальчук Г.Ю. Цементы и бетоны на основе топливных зол и шлаков: Монография. Киев, 2012, 258 с. 9. Переробка відходів в розвинених країнах світу. URL: http://www.biowatt.com.ua/analitika/pererobka-vidhodiv-v- rozvinenih-krayinah-svitu/ 10. Снітинський В.В., Мазурак О.Т., Саницький М.А., Мазурак А.В. Інженерна екологія. – Львів, 2010. – 375 с. 11. Rosik-Dulewska C. Podstawy gospodarski odpadami. – Warzawa: PWN, 2007. – 342s. 12. Kucowski J. Energetyka a ochrona srodowiska / J. Kucowski, D. Laudyn, M. Przekwas. – Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowo-Techniczne, 2004. - Wyd. 4. – 484 s.
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