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Ecology
Major: Tourism
Code of subject: 6.242.00.O.004
Credits: 4.00
Department: Ecological Safety and Nature Protection Activity
Lecturer: Ph.D, Assoc. Prof. Ruda Mariia
Semester: 1 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Завдання: The study of an educational discipline involves the formation of competences in students of education:
general competences:
ZK1. The ability to realize one's rights and responsibilities as a member of society, to realize the values ??of a civil (free democratic) society and the need for its sustainable development, the rule of law, the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen in Ukraine.
ZK2. The ability to preserve and multiply moral, cultural, scientific values ??and achievements of society based on an understanding of the history and patterns of development of the subject area, its place in the general system of knowledge about nature and society and in the development of society, technology and technology, to use various types and forms of motor activity for active recreation and leading a healthy lifestyle.
ZK5. The desire to preserve the environment.
professional competences:
FC2. Ability to apply knowledge in practical situations.
Learning outcomes: PR20. Identify problem situations and propose ways to solve them.
KOM1. Ability to communicate, including oral and written communication in Ukrainian and foreign languages ??(English, German, Italian, French, Spanish).
AiB1. Ability to adapt to new situations and make appropriate decisions.
AiB2. The ability to realize the need for lifelong learning in order to deepen the acquired and acquire new professional knowledge.
Required prior and related subjects: Tourism geography and tourist local history
Summary of the subject: Modern environmental problems of the whole world, Ukraine and its regions are closely related to each other, so a specialist of any specialty needs to navigate both global and regional environmental problems that cause economic and social troubles. This is important, because each specialist works in a specific region, which is characterized by certain local problems, without knowing the causes of which it is impossible to get an effective positive result. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to know the causes of general ecological problems, both on a global scale, and on a national, regional, local scale, and the relationship between them. The information presented in the lectures can be useful for specialists in the field of tourism, hotel and resort services, when teaching ecology, local history in higher educational institutions of the humanitarian profile and secondary schools.
In order to solve modern problems - pollution of air, drinking water, sea water, and soil - it is necessary to develop a strategy for the future. This requires information about the past and current state, in particular, about the area where the specialist works. Thanks to its comfortable weather and climate conditions, the presence of fertile soils, a rich variety of flora and fauna, cultural and historical values, Ukraine has long been attracting people, and many states have competed for it. Therefore, in the historical aspect, it is necessary to study changes in various spheres of human activity - natural, socio-economic, cultural, touristic. An important problem for the preservation of natural resources and their rational use in any region is the need for knowledge and skills in ecology in all spheres, particularly in tourism.
Опис: Chapter 1. General problems of ecology.
Definition of ecology and its main concepts. Subject and object of research, structure of ecology. Methods of ecological research. Main problems and scientific directions of modern ecology.
Chapter 2. History of the development of ecology.
The main stages of the development of ecology as a science. Prerequisites for the formation of ecology as a science. Directions of development of ecology.
Chapter 3. Autecology.
Body and environment. Ecological niche. General principles of adaptation. The most important abiotic factors and adaptations to them.
Chapter 4. Democology (population ecology).
Concept of population. Structure of populations. Population dynamics. Management of populations and their viability. Types of interaction between populations.
Chapter 5. Ecosystemology.
A systematic approach in ecology. Diversity of living systems. Ecology of groups (synecology) and ecosystemology. Consortia as elementary ecosystems.
Chapter 6. Functional ecology.
The role of climate in the functioning of ecosystems. Functional role of soil and litter. Functional role of the hydrosphere. The role of phytocenosis in ecosystems. The role of microbocenosis in ecosystems. Functional role of zoocenosis in ecosystems.
Chapter 7. Characteristics of natural ecosystems.
Classification of ecosystems. Classification of binomials. Forest ecosystems. Grass types of ecosystems. Marsh ecosystems.
Chapter 8. Ecological features of man.
Man and animals. Unique ecological features of a person. Biological features of a person. Cultural heritage. Environmental crisis of modern times. Demographic explosion. Demographic transition. Is it possible to limit the population of the Earth? Ecoconversion.
Chapter 9. Agroecology.Agroecology as a separate section of ecology. The main ecological problems of modern agriculture. Ways of solving ecological problems of agriculture. Pest control.
Chapter 10. Impact of industrial activity on the environment.
The main types of industrial production, their characteristics. Pollution of the biosphere and ecosystems. Migration of pollution ingredients in ecosystems and organisms. Impact of environmental pollution on populations and ecosystems. The main measures to ensure and neutralize man-made impacts on ecosystems (general optimization of the environment in industrial regions). Means of preserving technology in production.
Chapter 11. Urboecology.
Object and subject of urboecological research. Natural and spatial resources of the city. The city as a social and ecological system. Urban biogeocenoses. Gradient ordination of the biogeocenotic cover of the city. The city as a heterotrophic ecosystem. "Health" of the urban ecosystem. Crypto-indicative assessment of the environment (assessment using cryptophytes).
Chapter 12. Optimal use of ecosystems and their components.
Nature use as a science. Rational use of natural resources. Expert assessment of the impact of planned and implemented anthropogenic activities on the environment. Economic aspects of nature management. Legal aspects of the impact of human activity on the environment.
Chapter 13. Preservation of the natural environment
The main areas of preservation of the natural environment. Global environmental problems and the state of the environment in Ukraine. International and state programs and legislation in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.Sustainable development and its support.
Assessment methods and criteria: Practical training
The maximum number of points for each practical work
No. 1-15 – 2 points
The maximum number of points for each report on practical classes No. 1-15 is 0.66 points
Current control is 40
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: The procedure for issuing OIR points in % of the maximum number of points allocated for a certain type of OIR:
0% – the task was not completed or plagiarism was detected or the fact of non-independent implementation of the OIR was established;
40% – the task is partially completed and contains significant methodological or calculation errors; the conclusions are not substantiated and incorrect, the report was executed carelessly;
60% – the task was completed completely and on time, but contains significant errors in calculations or methodology; the conclusions contain some shortcomings, the student's judgments are not sufficiently reasoned; the report was completed with minor deviations from the requirements;
80% – the task was completed in full and on time, but contains some minor shortcomings (dimensions, conclusions, design, etc.);
100% - the task was completed correctly, on time and without comments.
The student is obliged to adhere to the established schedule of implementation of OIR.
The educational achievements of the student are evaluated according to the 100-point rating scale established by the university:
100-88 points - certified with the grade "excellent"
87-71 points - certified with a grade of "good"
70-50 points - certified with a "satisfactory" rating
49-26 points - not certified
25-00 points - not certified with an "unsatisfactory" rating
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100-88 points - certified with an “excellent” grade - High level: the student demonstrates an in-depth mastery of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the discipline, systematic knowledge, skills and abilities of their practical application. The mastered knowledge, skills and abilities provide the ability to independently formulate goals and organize learning activities, search and find solutions in non-standard, atypical educational and professional situations. The applicant demonstrates the ability to make generalizations based on critical analysis of factual material, ideas, theories and concepts, to formulate conclusions based on them. His/her activity is based on interest and motivation for self-development, continuous professional development, independent research activities, implemented with the support and guidance of the teacher. 87-71 points - certified with a grade of “good” - Sufficient level: involves mastery of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the discipline at an advanced level, conscious use of knowledge, skills and abilities to reveal the essence of the issue. Possession of a partially structured set of knowledge provides the ability to apply it in familiar educational and professional situations. Aware of the specifics of tasks and learning situations, the student demonstrates the ability to search for and choose their solution according to the given sample, to argue for the use of a particular method of solving the problem. Their activities are based on interest and motivation for self-development and continuous professional development. 70-50 points - certified with a grade of “satisfactory” - Satisfactory level: outlines the mastery of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the discipline at the average level, partial awareness of educational and professional tasks, problems and situations, knowledge of ways to solve typical problems and tasks. The applicant demonstrates an average level of skills and abilities to apply knowledge in practice, and solving problems requires assistance, support from a model. The basis of learning activities is situational and heuristic, dominated by motives of duty, unconscious use of opportunities for self-development. 49-00 points - certified with a grade of “unsatisfactory” - Unsatisfactory level: indicates an elementary mastery of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the discipline, a general understanding of the content of the educational material, partial use of knowledge, skills and abilities. The basis of learning activities is situational and pragmatic interest.
Recommended books: Навчально-методичне забезпечення
1. Екологія: конспект лекцій для студентів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти спеціальності 242«Туризм» / М.В. Руда – Львів: Редакційно-видавничий центр НЛТУ України. 2022. – 674 с.
2. Методичні вказівки до виконання лабораторних робіт з дисципліни «Екологія» для студентів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти спеціальності 242«Туризм» / М.В. Руда – Львів: Редакційно-видавничий центр НЛТУ України, 2022. – с.43.
3. Зошит до виконання лабораторних робіт з дисципліни «Екологія» для студентів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти спеціальності 242«Туризм» / М.В. Руда – Львів: Редакційно-видавничий центр НЛТУ України, 2022. – с.37.
4. Методичні вказівки до самостійної роботи з дисципліни «Екологія» для студентів першого (бакалаврського) рівня вищої освіти Інституту сталого розвитку ім. В. Чорновола, спеціальності 242«Туризм» / М.В. Руда– Львів: Редакційно-видавничий центр НЛТУ України, 2022. – с. 22.
Базова
1. Білявський Г.О., Фурдуй Р.С. Практикум із загальної екології: Навч. посібник. – К.: Либідь, 1997. – 160 с.
2. Запольський А.К., Салюк А.І. Основи екології: Підручник /За ред. К.М.Ситника. – К.: Вища шк., 2001. – 358 с.: іл.
3. Злобін Ю.А. Основи екології. К., В-во «Лібра», 1998, 248 с.
4. Кучерявий В.П. Екологія. – Львів : Світ. – 2000. –499 с.
5. Бойчук Л Д., Соломенно Е.М., Бугай О.В. Екологія і охорона навколишнього середовища: Навч. посіб. – Суми: Університетська книга, 2003. — 284 с.
6. Гайнріх Д., Герат M. Екологія: dtv – Atlas. Пер. з 4-го нім. вид. – К.: Знання – Прес, 2001. – 287 с.