Diagnostics, Identification of GMO and Biosessors

Major: Biotechnology and bioengineering
Code of subject: 7.162.00.O.019
Credits: 6.00
Department: Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Lecturer: Associate Professor, PhD Semen Khomyak
Semester: 3 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Learning outcomes: PRN3. Carry out technical and economic calculations of design and construction solutions and analyze and evaluate their effectiveness, environmental and social consequences in the short and long term. PRN5. To know the molecular organization and regulation of gene expression, replication, recombination and repair, restriction and modification of genetic material in proto- and eukaryotes, the strategy of creating recombinant DNA for the purposeful construction of biological agents. PRN6. To know and evaluate the main methodical methods of cultivation of eukaryotic cells of animal and plant origin, to develop new technologies for their use in scientific purposes, medicine, agriculture, etc. PRN7. To have the skills of isolation, identification, storage, cultivation, immobilization of biological agents, to optimize nutrient media, to choose optimal methods of analysis, isolation and purification of the target product, using modern biotechnological methods and techniques inherent in a certain direction of biotechnology. PRN8. To plan and manage research, scientific and technical and/or production projects in the field of biotechnology, based on modern trends in the development of science, technology and society. PRN10. To implement the most effective biotechnological methods and techniques in practical production activities based on the assessment of the effectiveness of advanced biotechnologies and taking into account the general trends in the development of the latest biotechnologies in leading countries. PRN11. Communicate freely orally and in writing in national and foreign languages, discuss with specialists and non-specialists the results of research, innovation and/or management of production and biotechnology. PRN12. Find the necessary information in scientific and reference literature, electronic databases, other sources of information, evaluate its relevance and reliability. PRN13. Assess the relevance of researched scientific problems, the suitability of known scientific methods for their research based on the analysis of available data and publications in leading publications. PRN15. Have skills in planning and performing experimental research both individually and in a team, critical analysis of the obtained results; preparation of research results in the form of a report, scientific publication, presentation at scientific and other events. COM1. Ability to communicate, including oral and written communication in Ukrainian and foreign languages (English, German, Italian, French, Spanish and others). COM2. Ability to use a variety of methods, including modern information technologies, for effective communication at professional and social levels. AiB3. The ability to take responsibility for the work performed, to make decisions independently, to achieve the set goal in compliance with the requirements of professional ethics. AiB4. Ability to demonstrate understanding of basic environmental principles, occupational health and safety, and their application.
Required prior and related subjects: Pre-requisites: Biotechnology; general microbiology and virology Co-requisites: biochemistry and molecular biology P.1, P.2
Summary of the subject: The educational course is aimed at studying the methods of diagnosing human diseases. Biological, chemical, instrumental methods of detecting pathological conditions of the body are considered. Invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods are given. The main instrumental laboratory methods of diagnosis of human fluids - blood, urine, sputum - are described. Instrumental research methods: electrocardiography, ultrasound screening, endoscopy, radiology, computer and magnetic resonance imaging. Methods of identification of microorganisms using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are presented. The use of molecular spectroscopy methods (Raman, IR, fluorescence) for the diagnosis of diseases and pathological conditions is described. On the basis of infrared spectroscopy, modern methods of detecting a number of diseases, including cancer, have been demonstrated. Within the scope of the discipline, examples of the application of molecular cloning methods in the solution of practical problems, methods of identification of genetically modified organisms, are considered; immunodiagnostic methods and DNA-diagnostic systems; methods of molecular diagnosis of genetic diseases; monoclonal antibodies as drugs. The course program also includes the study of biological objects, including genetically modified ones, using classical and modern scientific approaches. The practical part of the course provides an opportunity to master diagnostic methods, in particular molecular spectroscopy, as well as work with genetic material, biosensors, which is necessary for the training of highly qualified specialists of industry units. The task of the discipline is to master the rules of work in a molecular biological laboratory, to master the basic methods of practical diagnostics, to identify genetically modified organisms, including in consumer products, and to work out the methods and system of DNA passporting of valuable agricultural plants using modern biotechnological and molecular biological methods. The structure of biosensors, their types according to the method of identification, directions of application are considered. The main prerequisites for the emergence of biosensors and the field of application of such devices are shown, the structure - the main components and principles of operation of biosensors, classification by type of transducer and biological material used as a sensitive element of the device, advantages and disadvantages of using biosensors in analytical biotechnology, alternative approaches to creating highly stable biosensor devices , in which biomacromolecules are replaced by their artificial analogues (biomimetic polymers).
Assessment methods and criteria: • Current control – 40 points ( written reports on laboratory work, oral examination – 20 points) • Interval control - 20 points • Final control - 60 points, credit
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