Biophysics

Major: Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Code of subject: 6.162.01.E.049
Credits: 4.00
Department: Technology of Biologically Active Substances, Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Lecturer: Ph. D., Docent, Associate Professor at the Department of TBSPB Baranovych Diana Bohdanivna Ph. D., Associate Professor at the Department of TBSPB Yaremkevych Olena Svyatoslavivna
Semester: 5 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Мета вивчення дисципліни: The purpose of teaching the discipline "Biophysics" is to acquaint students with the principles and methods that are necessary for understanding the biophysical mechanisms of functioning of living systems, which include methods of biological thermodynamics, mechanisms of energy exchange in biological systems, mechanisms of substance transport through cell membranes, bioelectrical phenomena, fundamentals of regulation and exchange of information in living objects, the effect of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation on the body, the method of labeled atoms, etc.
Завдання: The study of an educational discipline involves the formation of competencies in students of education: integral competence: • Ability to solve complex specialized tasks and practical problems characterized by complexity and uncertainty in biotechnology and bioengineering, or in the learning process that involves the application of theories and methods of biotechnology and bioengineering professional competences: • FC 01.1. The ability to understand the basics of biophysical processes and biocatalysis using cell and enzyme systems with the determination of their physiological and cultural features.
Learning outcomes: COM2. Ability to use a variety of methods, including modern information technologies, for effective communication at professional and social levels. AiV 3. The ability to take responsibility for the work performed, to make decisions independently, to achieve the set goal in compliance with the requirements of professional ethics.
Required prior and related subjects: Prerequisites: • physics Co-requisites: • Biomonitoring, Biosafety, Biosecurity and Ecological Expertise
Summary of the subject: The discipline "Biophysics" introduces the principles and methods that are necessary for understanding the biophysical mechanisms of the functioning of living systems, in particular this question, which reveals biological thermodynamics and mechanisms of energy transfer in biological objects, mechanisms of penetration of substances through cell membranes, bioelectric phenomena, the action of ultraviolet radiation on the body, the method of labeled atoms.
Опис: Introduction to the course "Biophysics" The subject, tasks and content of the course in general preparation Information volume of the academic discipline. Form of final control of study success and means of diagnosis of study success. Lecture 1 Topic: Biophysics as a science §1. Biophysics. Methods of biophysics. §2. The structure of the main sections of biophysics. 2 Lecture 2 Topic: Thermodynamics of biological systems §1. Thermodynamics. Terminology. §2. The first laws of thermodynamics. §3. The second law of thermodynamics. §4. Energy conversion in a living cell. §5. Free energy and electrochemical potential. §6. The second law of thermodynamics and the equilibrium condition. §7. Experimental determination of thermodynamic parameters of biological systems. §8. The second law of thermodynamics and living organisms. §9. "Energy-coupled" cell systems. §10. Features of organisms as thermodynamic systems. §11. Flows of substances as a result of diffusion and electrodiffusion. §12. Steady state thermodynamics. §13. Ways of energy conversion in a living cell. 4 Lecture 3 Topic: Quantum biophysics. §1. Electronic transitions in biologically important molecules. §2. Absorption of light by biosystems. §3. Luminescence of biosystems. §4. Free radicals. Methods of research of free radicals. §5. Primary stages of photobiological processes. Spectra of photobiological action. §6. Study of products of primary photochemical reactions. §7. Primary photochemical reactions of proteins, lipids and nucl. acids §8. Photosensitized photobiological processes. 2 Lecture 4 Topic: Molecular biophysics. §1. General characteristics of the structure of biopolymers. §2. Types of interaction in macromolecules. §3. Water structure and hydrophobic interactions. The role of hydrophobic interactions in the formation of the structure of proteins. §4. Binding of ligands to macromolecules. Cooperative binding of ligands. §5. Conformational changes of the hemoglobin molecule during oxygenation. 2 Lecture 5 Topic: Structural basis of functioning of membranes. §1. Structure of biological membranes. §2. Phase transitions in the lipid bilayer. §3. Physical properties of the membrane as a phase. §4. Change in mobility of lipid molecules in membranes by radiospectroscopy methods. §5. Lateral diffusion of lipids and proteins in membranes. §6. Asymmetry of membranes. 2 Lecture 6 Topic: Passive and active transport of substances through membrane structures of cells. §1. Passive transport of substances through membranes. §2. Diffusion of uncharged molecules. §3. Electrodiffusion of ions. §4. Passive transport of substances through pores. §5. Selective permeability of biomembranes. §6. Mechanism of active transport of ions. §7. Kinetics of active transport. §8. Coupled transport of ions. 3
Assessment methods and criteria: Semester control during in the form of differentiated credit (credit).
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: The main methods of knowledge diagnosis are current (PC) and semester control (SC), which is carried out from the educational material, the scope of which is determined by the work program of the discipline for the semester. Current control is carried out during lectures and laboratory classes in order to check the level of assimilation of theoretical and practical knowledge and skills of the student. Evaluation of classes is carried out according to the total value of the evaluation in points of all types of tasks completed during the semester in accordance with the work curriculum for the discipline and actual study/work time. PC is carried out in the form of: performing laboratory work (processing the results of experimental studies, interpreting the results and formulating a conclusion), performing individual work according to the list of recommended topics, control work provided for by the program within the limits of independent work (12 hours) and testing. Evaluation of laboratory work is carried out according to the average value of the score of all laboratory work and laboratory practicums (the laboratory practicum is evaluated by the total score proportional to the duration of the practicum) completed during the semester in accordance with the work curriculum of the discipline and the actual study/work time. Evaluation of laboratory work is carried out according to the average value of the score of all laboratory work and laboratory practicums (the laboratory practicum is evaluated by the total score proportional to the duration of the work) completed during the semester in accordance with the work curriculum of the discipline and actual study/work time. Laboratory work is assessed at 20 points per work. Points are distributed as follows: - 6 points — the maximum number of points used to assess admission to laboratory work, which involves knowledge of the theoretical material on the relevant topic and the methodology of the work; - 6 points — the maximum number of points used to evaluate the performance of laboratory work, the processing of research results; summarizing the results in the conclusion; - 8 points — the maximum number of points used to assess the defense of laboratory work, which involves analysis, interpretation, theoretical substantiation of observations and experimental results and justification of the conclusion, of which 2 points are assessed for the performance of control tasks, if such are provided for in the instructions for laboratory work. Assessment of control work. Individual work (presentation with a report) performed in accordance with the list of recommended topics is evaluated at 20 points per work. Points are distributed as follows: - 8 points — the maximum number of points used to evaluate the information and design of the presentation - 8 points — the maximum number of points used to evaluate an oral presentation - 4 points — the maximum number of points that are used to evaluate answers to questions on the topic of individual work Testing is carried out in the form of express tests or in the form of ESE on the topics of the lecture block.
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100–88 points – (“excellent”) is awarded for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literary sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena being studied, in their relationship and development, clearly, succinctly, logically, consistently answer the questions, the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 87–71 points – (“good”) is awarded for a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions posed, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, for the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical tasks; 70 – 50 points – (“satisfactory”) awarded for weak knowledge of the component’s educational material, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 49–26 points – (“not certified” with the possibility of retaking the semester control) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 25-00 points - ("unsatisfactory" with mandatory re-study) is given for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to navigate when solving practical problems, ignorance of the main fundamental provisions.
Recommended books: Biofizyka / Kostiuk P.H., Zyma V.L., Mahura I.S., Miroshnychenko M.S., Shuba M.F. - K.: Oberehy, 2001. - 545 s. Kuzminskyi Ye.V., Holub N.B. Biofizyka: Pidruchnyk dlia studentiv vyshchykh navchalnykh zakladiv. K.: „Vydavnychyi dim „Kompiuterpres”, 2007. – 421 s. Martseniuk V.P. ta in. Medychna biofizyka i medychna aparatura: pidruchnyk. Ternopil: TDMU, 2008. – 356 s.
Уніфікований додаток: Lviv Polytechnic National University ensures the realization of the right of persons with disabilities to obtain higher education. Inclusive educational services are provided by the Service of accessibility to learning opportunities "Without restrictions", the purpose of which is to provide permanent individual support for the educational process of students with disabilities and chronic diseases. An important tool for the implementation of the inclusive educational policy at the University is the Program for improving the qualifications of scientific and pedagogical workers and educational and support staff in the field of social inclusion and inclusive education. Contact at: St. Karpinsky, 2/4, 1st floor, room 112 E-mail: nolimits@lpnu.ua Websites: https://lpnu.ua/nolimits https://lpnu.ua/integration
Академічна доброчесність: The policy regarding the academic integrity of the participants of the educational process is formed on the basis of compliance with the principles of academic integrity, taking into account the norms "Regulations on academic integrity at the Lviv Polytechnic National University" (approved by the academic council of the university on June 20, 2017, protocol No. 35).