Home/ Majors directory/Nuclear Power Engineering/Preparation and Conditioning of Water
Preparation and Conditioning of Water
Major: Nuclear Power Engineering
Code of subject: 6.143.00.O.033
Credits: 4.00
Department: Heat Engineering and Thermal and Nuclear Power Plants
Lecturer: associate professor, Ph.D. Kovalenko Tetiana Pavlivna
Semester: 6 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Завдання: The study of an educational discipline involves the formation of competencies in students of education:
general competences:
ZK4: ability to apply knowledge in practical situations;
ZK13: ability to analyze and synthesize;
professional competences:
FK1: the ability to demonstrate a systematic understanding of the key aspects and concepts of the development of the nuclear energy industry;
FK6: the ability to identify, classify and describe the efficiency of nuclear power plant systems and their components;
FK12: the ability to ensure quality in the field of nuclear energy.
Learning outcomes: The student which studied module must:
– to know the scientific and mathematical principles underlying of the heat and power engineering; the bases of the professionally-oriented courses in the theory of the heat exchangers apparatus; the theoretical basis of thermal power systems and networks; design methodology, the relevant normative documents, the efficient standards, and technical conditions.
– be able to use the knowing and understanding for identification, formulating and solving technical tasks of specialty using known methods; to use the knowing and understanding for solving the tasks of synthesis and analysis in the systems which are close to the chosen specialization; to use the knowing in technical characteristics, structural features, the appointment and the rules of using of equipment and accessories for solving technical tasks of specialty; to calculate, to construct, to design typical for chosen specialty heat and power engineering equipment and accessories; to identify, to classify and to describe the work of systems and their parts; to evaluate the got results and argumentatively defend the taken decisions.
Required prior and related subjects: – pre-requisites: chemistry, physics, technical thermodynamics, thermal processes and units, systems for nature protection in the power engineering;
– co-requisites: thermal engines of industrial companies, the boilers of industrial companies.
Summary of the subject: The use of water as heat-carrying agent and its loss in the circuits of the NPP of different types. The technological indices of quality of the natural water and the water in contour. The methods of pretreatment of the water. The technology of purification the natural water and the water in the contour by ion exchanging. The technology of purification the natural high mineralized water and the waste water. The technology of the water purification from dissolved gases. The stabilizing treatment of the water. The technology purification of radioactive water.
Опис: 1. Use of water coolant and its loss in NPP circuits of various types.
The main sources of pollution and the impact of impurities on the safety and reliability of heat-generating equipment and on the environment. Mechanical removal of impurities. Dissolving impurities in steam. Distribution coefficient. Deposition of impurities on the heating surface.
Corrosion of structural materials. Types of corrosion. Influence of the coolant composition on corrosion processes. Standardization of the water-chemical regime of the NPP. Corrective processing of the NPP coolant. Classification of water treatment systems of various types at NPPs.
2 Technological indicators of the quality of natural and contour waters
Entry of impurities into natural water. Classification and characteristics of waters and their impurities. Patterns of changes in the composition of impurities in different types of water.
3 Methods of preliminary water purification.
Physico-chemical processes occurring during coagulation. Illuminators and schemes of coagulation installations. Deposition method. Change in water quality indicators during liming. Technological scheme of water liming and conditions of its use.
Characteristics of the filtering layer. The mechanism of particle retention by the filter layer. Requirements relating to filter materials. The design of bulk and washing clarifying filters, electromagnetic filters.
4 Technology of purification of natural and contour waters by the method of ion exchange.
Structure of ionites. Basic regularities of ion exchange. Characteristics of ionites. Technology of ion exchange on cationites and anions.
Design of ion filters. Schematic diagrams of chemical desalination.
5 Technology of purification of highly mineralized natural and wastewater
The principle of operation and schemes of evaporation plants. Features of schemes of multi-stage and multi-body installations. Ensuring the purity of steam by methods of moisture separation and steam washing. Prevention of scale formation.
Reverse osmosis. Properties of membranes and their characteristics. Schemes of reverse osmosis devices and requirements related to the quality of the source water.
Electrodialysis. Processes occurring on ionic membranes. Characteristics of membranes. Schemes of electrodialysis installations.
6 Water purification technology from dissolved gases
Desorption of gases. Design of deaerator and decarbonizer. Chemical bonding of dissolved gases.
7 Stabilization treatment of water
Balance of flows and hardness salts in closed cooling systems. Cooling water treatment technology.
Use of oxidizing agents to combat biological fouling of heat exchangers.
8 Radioactive water purification technology
Features of the composition of radioactive waters of various types at NPPs. Requirements for the quality of loop and discharge waters treated at SVO.
Schemes and devices of special water treatment plants for various NPP circuits. Features of construction and operation of SVO equipment.
Assessment methods and criteria: • Running check (30%): the written reports of laboratory work and practical classes, the oral examination.
• Final control (70%): the exam.
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: Maximum score in points
Current control (PC) - 30 points
Examination control - 70 points
Total for the discipline - 100 points
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100–88% – awarded for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literary sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena being studied, in their relationship and development, clearly, succinctly, logically , consistently answer questions, ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
87–80% – awarded for knowledge of the educational material of the component above the average level, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions asked (a small number of inaccuracies are possible), the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
79–71% – a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, is awarded for the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
70–61% – awarded for mediocre knowledge of the educational material of the component, poorly reasoned answers, weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
60–50% – awarded for weak knowledge of the educational material of the component, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
49–26% – is presented for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems;
25-00% - awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to navigate when solving practical problems, ignorance of the main fundamental provisions, failure to complete the task.
Recommended books: 1. Topolnytskyi M.V. Atomni elektrychni stantsii: Pidruchnyk dlia VUZiv. – Lviv: Vydavnytstvo “Beskyd Bit”, 2005. – 524 s.
2. Karelin V.A. Vodopodgotovka dlya AES. Proyektirovaniye i raschet vodopodgotovitelnoy ustanovki: uchebnoye posobiye / V.A. Karelin. – Tomsk: Izd-vo Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2012. – 98 s.
3. Chizh V.A. i dr. Vodopodgotovka i i vodno-khimicheskiye rezhimy TES i AES: Uchebnoye posobiye / V.A. Chizh i dr. – M.: Izdat. dom MEI. 2010. – 351 s.
4. Mysak Y.S., Tymofieiev I.L., Zaiats M.F. Vodopidhotovka, vodno-khimichnyi rezhym ta konservatsiia teploenerhetychnoho ustatkuvannia elektrostantsii: Navch. posibnyk (rukopys). – 2009. – 183 s.
Уніфікований додаток: Lviv Polytechnic National University ensures the realization of the right of persons with special educational needs to obtain higher education. Inclusive educational services are provided by the "Without Limits" accessibility to learning opportunities service, the purpose of which is to provide permanent individual support for the educational process of students with disabilities and chronic diseases. An important tool for the implementation of the inclusive educational policy at the University is the Program for improving the qualifications of scientific and pedagogical workers and educational and support staff in the field of social inclusion and inclusive education.
Академічна доброчесність: The policy regarding the academic integrity of the participants of the educational process is formed on the basis of compliance with the principles of academic integrity, taking into account the norms "Regulations on academic integrity at the Lviv Polytechnic National University" (approved by the academic council of the university on June 20, 2017, protocol No. 35).