Chemistry 2 (Organic Chemistry)

Major: Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Code of subject: 6.162.00.O.014
Credits: 8.00
Department: Organic Chemistry
Lecturer: dr. Orest Hevus
Semester: 2 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Learning outcomes: As a result of studying the discipline student must know: Fundamentals of modern theory of chemical structure and reactivity of organic substances, industrial, laboratory methods of synthesis and properties of basic classes of organic compounds. The main methods of their mutual transformations, the main directions of technical use of their most important representatives in organic synthesis, biotechnology, food technology, chemistry of macromolecular compounds and in other fields of science and technology; Principles of environmental protection, economy of fuel and energy resources, integrated use of raw materials; and the introduction of new low-waste and non-waste technologies. Rules of work in the chemical laboratory, laboratory techniques and safety equipment; the basic methods of selection, the study of properties and the establishment of the structure of simple organic substances, modern methods of analysis of organic compounds: IR, UV, NMR and PMR spectroscopy, gas and liquid chromatography, etc. The trained specialist should be able to: According to the structural formula and the mutual influence of certain functional groups in the molecule, to predict the basic physical and chemical properties of organic substances. Acquired knowledge is applied in practice in order to create new and improve existing biotechnological processes. To organize the execution and independently carry out works on the synthesis, selection, study of properties and the establishment of the structure of simple organic substances in accordance with the requirements of safety rules and laboratory techniques. Be able to work with chemical dishes to heat, mix, distill, distill with steam, fractional distillation, recrystallization, extraction of organic substances. Determine their heating and boiling temperature, refractive index and other characteristics. Work with gas and liquid chromatographs, IR and UV spectrophotometers.
Required prior and related subjects: Chemistry (high school) Physics (High School) General and inorganic chemistry Methods of organic synthesis Chemistry of natural biologically active compounds Chemistry of carcinogens Molecular Biology
Summary of the subject: he course "Organic Chemistry" is devoted to the study of the basics of the modern theory of the chemical structure of organic substances, as well as the basic industrial and laboratory methods for obtaining the basic classes of organic compounds, their physical and chemical properties. Particular attention is paid to the study of the relationship between the chemical structure of substances and their physical and chemical properties, the ability to predict the course of the most important chemical reactions, based on their mechanisms, to study the basic principles of modern classification and nomenclature of organic compounds. A significant place in the course is given to the study of the classes of organic compounds necessary for the mastering of the discipline "Biological Chemistry and Molecular Biology". Lecture classes - 30 hours 1. Semantic module 1. Subject of organic chemistry. Theoretical representations in organic chemistry - 10 hours 1. 1. Introduction - - 1 year The subject of organic chemistry and the stages of its development. The main raw materials of organic compounds. Environmental Issues and Environmental Protection. 1.2. Theoretical representations in organic chemistry are 7 hours Development of theoretical representations in organic chemistry. Acidity and basicity of organic compounds. Types of isomerism of organic compounds. Classification of reactions of organic compounds and reagents. The notion of intermediates in organic reactions. Basic functional groups and classification of organic compounds. 2. Content module 2. Aliphatic hydrocarbons and their halogenated, sulphonated and nitro derivatives - 12 hours 2.1. Aliphatic hydrocarbons - 7 hours 2.1. Alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons, paraffins) -2 hours. Homologous series of alkanes. The notion of the alkali. IUPAC Nomenclature for alkanes. Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties. 2.2. Alceny - 2 hours Homologous series. Nomenclature, structural and spatial isomerism. Methods of extraction, physical and chemical properties. The concept of vinyl monomers and macromolecular compounds. 2.3. Aladdin - 1 hour Methods of extraction, physical and chemical properties. Natural and synthetic rubbers. Rubber. 2.4. Alkin - 2 hours. Methods of extraction, physical and chemical properties of alkenes. Vinylacetylene and divinylacetylene. Polymerization of acetylene, Industrial synthesis based on acetylene. 2.5. Halogenated hydrocarbons -2 h. 2.5.1. Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons. Mono- and polyhalogen-derivatives. Methods of obtaining, physical and chemical properties of halogenated saturated hydrocarbons. Freoni 2.5.2. Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons. - 1 year Vinyl chloride, allyl chloride and chloroprene. Polyvinyl chloride and plastics on its base. Teflon Chloroprene rubber 2.6. Nitrogen-containing compounds - 2 hours 2.6.1. Aliphatic nitro compounds. Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties of nitro compounds. Use of nitro compounds in engineering. 2.6.2. Aliphatic amines. Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties of amines. Quaternary ammonium bases and salts, their use. Diamonds. Polyamides 3. Content module 3. Oxygen-containing compounds (10 h) 3.1.1. Monohydric alcohols - 2 hours  Nomenclature, methods of obtaining, physical and chemical properties of alcohols. Methyl, ethyl, propyl, allyl and propargyl alcohols. 3.1.2. Multi-atomic alcohols - 1 hour  Glycols, glycerol, pentaerythral .. Getting, physical and chemical properties .. Application in industry. Fat., Lipids. 3.2. Ethers and peroxides - 1 hour. 3.2.1. Eteri, Methods of their obtaining, physical and chemical properties. Cyclic ethers. Crown Eaters 3.2.2. Organic peroxides. Classification, extraction and properties of organic peroxides. Their application as initiators. free radical reactions 3.3. Aldehydes and ketones - 3 hours. 3.3.1. Saturated aldehydes and ketones. Structure, isomerism, nomenclature. Methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties. Anthrax aldehyde, acetic aldehyde, paraform, paraldehyde. Chlorine, acetone. 3.3.2. Unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. Acrolein, vinyl methyl ketone. Kentini Structure, Obtaining, Properties and Applications. 3.3.3. Di-aldehydes and diketones. Glioksal, diacetyl, acetylacetone. 3.4. Carboxylic acids. - 3 hours 3.4. 1. Single-base saturated carboxylic acids -2 hours. Structure, methods of obtaining and charming properties of carboxylic acids. Higher carboxylic acids. Sweetheart 3.4.2. Unsaturated monobasic carboxylic acids: acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic vinyl acetate. Polymerization and copolymerization. Cis-, trans-isomerism of acids. Fats and oils, their structure and composition. Waxes  3.4.3. Two-base carboxylic acids. Structure, isomerism, nomenclature. Technical methods of their obtaining, properties and applications. Malonyi ester, adipic and sebacic acid. Fiber anid (nylon). Two-base unsaturated acids. Malein and fumaric acid, production and properties. Maleic anhydride and its use. 3.4.4. Carboxylic acid and its derivatives: hydrochloric acid and its esters. Polyurethanes Carbamide, urea resins. Seminars and laboratory works 1.Technika of laboratory works and safety equipment in the chemical laboratory. 2. Methods of separation and purification of organic compounds. Distillation with steam, extraction and surface treatment
Assessment methods and criteria: Current control (PC) Colloquium 1 14 points Colloquium 2 15 points Laboratory work LR-1 2 points ЛР-2 2 points ЛР-3 2 points Tests T1 1 point T2 1 bal T3 1 point T4 1 point T5 1 point Total for PC is 40 points Exam: written component 50 points oral component 10 points Total 100 points
Recommended books: Basic 1. Yu.O.Lastukhin, S.A.Voronov. Organic Chemistry. Kind. "Center of Europe". 2004 2. Dombrovsky VI, Naidan VM Organic Chemistry. -K .; senior lecturer, 1992. 3. Petrov AA, Bal'yan AV, Troshchenko A.T. Organic chemistry. - Moscow: "Higher school." - 1981. 4. Neiland O.E. Organic chemistry. - Moscow: "Higher school." - 1990. 5. Ternei A. Modern Organic Chemistry (in two books). Per. with English, - M .: Peace. 1981 6. Morrison R., Boyle R. Organic chemistry. -M .: the world. 1974 7. Sykes P. Mechanisms of organic reactions. -M .: Chemistry. 1991