Nuclear Power Units

Major: Thermal Power Engineering
Code of subject: 6.144.00.O.038
Credits: 4.00
Department: Heat Engineering and Thermal and Nuclear Power Plants
Lecturer: Kuzyk Myron P., Ph.D.Associate Professor
Semester: 7 семестр
Mode of study: денна
Мета вивчення дисципліни: 2.1. The purpose of studying the academic discipline and learning outcomes Providing knowledge to students in the field of nuclear power plants, training specialists to work in nuclear power in the field of thermal power equipment. As a result of studying the discipline, students should acquire knowledge about: physical foundations of nuclear reactors; types and designs of reactors; nuclear fuel and coolants; structural materials used in reactor construction; thermal schemes of nuclear power plants (NPP); main equipment of nuclear power plants with water coolant; modes of operation of nuclear plants; programs and schemes for regulation of NPP operation; basics of radiation
Завдання: As a result of studying the academic discipline, the student must demonstrate the following learning outcomes: 1. Provision of basic and professional training in the operation of thermal power equipment at nuclear power plants, which includes knowledge of the basic thermal schemes of nuclear power plants with reactors of the VVER-1000 type, which are the main ones in the nuclear power industry of Ukraine. 2. The ability to solve complex general, specialized tasks and practical problems in the field of the thermal part of nuclear plants or in the learning process, which involves the application of theories and methods of electrical engineering and is characterized by the complexity and uncertainty of conditions. The study of an academic discipline involves the formation and development of students' competencies: General: • the ability to search and analyze information from various sources; • have research skills; Specialists: • basic knowledge of scientific concepts, theories and methods necessary for understanding the principles of operation and functional purpose of thermal energy systems and their equipment; • knowledge of the basics of labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire safety when working with thermal energy equipment; • the ability to use and implement new technologies, to participate in the modernization and reconstruction of equipment, devices, systems and complexes, in particular with the aim of increasing their energy efficiency; • the ability to understand and take into account social, ecological, ethical, economic aspects that affect the formation of technical solutions • the ability to investigate the problem and determine limitations, including those caused by problems of sustainable development, impact on the environment and safety of life;
Learning outcomes: As a result of studying the academic discipline, the student must be able to demonstrate the following learning outcomes: • demonstrate knowledge of schemes and composition of equipment of nuclear power plants (NPP), structure and operation of nuclear reactors, in particular VVER-1000 reactors, which are the basis of atomic energy of Ukraine, nuclear fuel, coolants and working bodies of NPP, machinery and auxiliary equipment; • the ability to demonstrate understanding of the impact of technical solutions in the field of atomic energy in public, economic, social and environmental aspects; • be able to design the thermal part of the nuclear power plant, develop and calculate the thermal scheme of nuclear water-water reactors, select and operate the main and auxiliary equipment, conduct inspections and analyze its technical condition • apply knowledge and understanding to identify, formulate and solve technical problems of the specialty, using known methods. As a result of studying the academic discipline, the student must be able to demonstrate the following program learning outcomes:
Required prior and related subjects: - prerekvizyty: - Higher Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry; – korekvizyty: - Technical Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer
Summary of the subject: Schemes and warehouse equipment NPP. The physical basis of the structure and operation of a nuclear reactor. Types of nuclear reactors. Nuclear fuel. Inhibitors. Heat carriers and jobs NPP body. Thermal circuit NPP and their features. PWR, BWR, LGR, GCR and PHWR reactors. Reactors WWER - 1000. Fast breeder reactors. Poisoning reactors. Steam and deaerator. Machinery NPP. Pipelines, valves and pressure compensators NPP. Auxiliary systems NPP. Training system fluids. Modes NPP. Stationary, transitional and emergency modes. Emergency stop. Programs and control system NPP. Radiation safety.
Опис: Topic.1 Introduction. Physical foundations of nuclear energy Nuclear reactions. Fission energy. Differences between 235U and 238U. Principle of operation and main characteristics nuclear reactor. Composition and layout of a nuclear reactor. Topic 2. General information about nuclear reactors Nuclear reactor materials and requirements for them. Nuclear fuel, coolants, neutron moderators, regulatory bodies. Types of coolants, their characteristics and requirements for them. Constructive materials of the active zone. Topic 3. Classification of nuclear reactors and nuclear power plants Classification of nuclear reactors and their main types. Types of nuclear fuel power plants Topic 4. Water-water power reactors NPP with water-water power reactors. Structure and operation of the VVER-1000 reactor. Fuels and nuclear fuel for the VVER-1000 reactor. Schematic thermal diagram of a nuclear power plant with a VVER-1000 reactor. Topic 5. Other types of reactors Water-water boiling reactors A nuclear power plant with reactors with a graphite moderator. RBMK-1000 hydrographite reactors. Gas graphite reactors. Heavy water reactors. Fast neutron reactors Homogeneous reactors. Topic 6. Physical processes in the active zone of the reactor. Poisoning and slagging of the reactor. A pit of iodine. Temperature effects. Topic 7. The main equipment of a nuclear power plant with a water coolant Nuclear power plant machinery. Steam generators. Turbo installations. Capacitors. Deaera tori. Topic 8. Modes of operation of nuclear power plants with water-water reactors NPP operating modes. Stationary, transient and emergency modes of operation. NPP start-up and normal shutdown modes Topic 9. Programs and schemes for regulating NPP operation Programs for adjusting the power of units with VVER Schemes of regulation of power of units with VVER Topic 10. Fundamentals of radiation protection at nuclear power plants Basic concepts and units of physical quantities. Biological effect of ionizing radiation. Radiation safety standards Management of radioactive waste
Assessment methods and criteria: Diagnostics of students' knowledge is carried out with the help of an oral survey and control of knowledge in practical classes, defense of RGR, control papers, tests given in ENMK and examination control.
Критерії оцінювання результатів навчання: Maximum score in points Current control (PC) - 30. Examination control -70 Total for the discipline -100 Work in practical classes -15. Calculation and graphic work - 15 Total per PC-30 Written component of the exam - 50, oral component -20.
Порядок та критерії виставляння балів та оцінок: 100–88 points – (“excellent”) is awarded for a high level of knowledge (some inaccuracies are allowed) of the educational material of the component contained in the main and additional recommended literary sources, the ability to analyze the phenomena being studied in their interrelationship and development, clearly, succinctly, logically, consistently answer the questions, the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 87–71 points – (“good”) is awarded for a generally correct understanding of the educational material of the component, including calculations, reasoned answers to the questions posed, which, however, contain certain (insignificant) shortcomings, for the ability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical tasks; 70 – 50 points – (“satisfactory”) awarded for weak knowledge of the component’s educational material, inaccurate or poorly reasoned answers, with a violation of the sequence of presentation, for weak application of theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 49-26 points - ("not certified" with the possibility of retaking the semester control) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to apply theoretical provisions when solving practical problems; 25-00 points - ("unsatisfactory" with mandatory re-study) is awarded for ignorance of a significant part of the educational material of the component, significant errors in answering questions, inability to navigate when solving practical problems, ignorance of the main fundamental provisions.
Recommended books: • M.V.Topolnytskyy. Nuclear power plants: Textbook for universities. - Lviv: Publishing House "Beskid Bit", 2005. - 524 p. • L.S.Sterman. The heat of the nuclear power plants .- M: - 1963. - 157 p.
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